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a)
\(\begin{array}{l}P = \left( {2k - 3} \right)\left( {3m - 2} \right) - \left( {3k - 2} \right)\left( {2m - 3} \right)\\ = 2k.3m - 2k.2 - 3.3m + 3.2 - \left( {3k.2m - 3k.3 - 2.2m + 2.3} \right)\\ = 6km - 4k - 9m + 6 - 6km + 9k + 4m - 6\\ = \left( {6km - 6km} \right) + \left( { - 4k + 9k} \right) + \left( { - 9m + 4m} \right) + \left( {6 - 6} \right)\\ = 5k - 5m\end{array}\)
b)
Ta có: \(P = 5k - 5m = 5.\left( {k - m} \right)\)
Vì \(5 \vdots 5\) và k, m nguyên nên P chia hết cho 5.
\(P=12\left(5^2+1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{15}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(5^2-1\right)\left(5^2+1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(5^4-1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(5^8-1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(5^{16}-1\right)\left(5^{16}+1\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2}\left(5^{32}+1\right)=\frac{5^{32}+1}{2}\)
a)
Ta có
a chia 5 dư 4
=> a=5k+4 ( k là số tự nhiên )
\(\Rightarrow a^2=\left(5k+4\right)^2=25k^2+40k+16\)
Vì 25k^2 chia hết cho 5
40k chia hết cho 5
16 chia 5 dư 1
=> đpcm
2) Ta có
\(12=\frac{5^2-1}{2}\)
Thay vào biểu thức ta có
\(P=\frac{\left(5^2-1\right)\left(5^2+1\right)\left(5^4+1\right)\left(5^8+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{\left[\left(5^2\right)^2-1^2\right]\left[\left(5^2\right)^2+1^2\right]\left(5^8+1\right)}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{\left[\left(5^4\right)^2-1^2\right]\left[\left(5^4\right)^2+1^2\right]}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{5^{16}-1}{2}\)
3)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^3=\left(a+b\right)^3+3\left(a+b\right)^2c+3\left(a+b\right)c^2+c^3\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^2+3ab\left(a+b\right)+3\left(a+b\right)c\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(ab+ca+cb+c^2\right)\)
\(=a^3+b^3+c^3+3\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
ae ơi đề bài lại như này nhé chứng minh a 1 + a2 +....+a99 <1
\(a_k=\frac{2k+1}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{k^2+2k+1-k^2}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{\left(k+1\right)^2}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}-\frac{k^2}{k^2\left(k+1\right)^2}=\frac{1}{k^2}-\frac{1}{\left(k+1\right)^2}\)
\(S=\frac{1}{1^2}-\frac{1}{\left(1+1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{\left(2+1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{\left(3+1\right)^2}+...+\frac{1}{99^2}-\frac{1}{\left(99+1\right)^2}\)
\(S=1-\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}-\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{99^2}-\frac{1}{100^2}=1-\frac{1}{100^2}< 1\) ( đpcm )
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