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Câu a :
\(VT=\) \(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=x^3-1^3=VP\)
Câu b :
\(VT=\)\(\left(x^3+x^2y+xy^2+y^3\right)\left(x-y\right)=x^4-y^4=VP\)
Tương tự bạn khai triển là ra nhé
a/\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=x^3+x^2+x-x^2-x-1=x^3-1\left(đpcm\right)\)
b/ \(\left(x^3+x^2y+xy^2+y^3\right)\left(x-y\right)=x^4-x^3y+x^3y-x^2y^2+x^2y^2-xy^3+xy^3-y^4=x^4-y^4\left(đpcm\right)\)
c/ \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y+z\right)=x^2+xy+xz+y^2+xy+yz+z^2+zx+yz=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx\left(đpcm\right)\)
d/ \(\left(x+y+z\right)^3=\left(x+y\right)^3+3\left(x+y\right)^2z+3z^2\left(x+y\right)+z^3\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3+3z\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+3z^2\left(x+y\right)+z^3\)
\(=x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3+3x^2z+6xyz+3y^2z+3z^2x+3yz^2+z^3\)
\(=x^3+y^3+z^3+3xyz+3x^2y+3xy^2+3x^2z+3y^2z+3y^2x+3yz^2+3xyz\)
\(=x^3+y^3+z^3+\left(x+z\right)\left(3xy+3xz+3y^2+3yz\right)\)
\(=x^3+y^3+z^3+\left(x+z\right)\left[3x\left(y+z\right)+3y\left(y+z\right)\right]\)
\(=x^3+y^3+z^3+\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(3x+3y\right)\)
\(=x^3+y^3+z^3+3\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\) (đpcm)
a, Xét vế trái ta có:
(x-1)(x^2+ x+1)=x^3+ x^2+ x- x^2- x-1
=x^3+ (x^2- x^2)+(x-x)-1
=x^3-1
Vậy...
b,Xét vế trái ta có:(x^3+ x^2y+ xy^2+ y^3)(x-y)
=x^4- x^3y+ x^3y- x^2- y^2+ x^2y^2- xy^3+ xy^3- y^4
=x^4-y^4
Vậy ........
c, Xét vế trái ta có:
(x+y+z)^2=(x+y+z)(x+y+z)
=x^2+ xy+ xz+ yx+y^2+ yz+ zx+ zy+ z^2
=x^2+ y^2+ z^2+ 2xy+ 2xz+ 2yz
Vậy...............
d, Xé vế trái ta có:
(x+y+x)^3=(x+y+z)(x+y+z)(x+y+z)(x+y+z)
=(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2xz+2yz)(x+y+z)
=x^3+ xy^2+ xz^2+ 2x^2y+ 2xyz+ 2x^2z+ x^2y+ y^3+ yz^2+2xy^2+ 2y^2z+z^3+ 2xyz+ x^2z+ y^2z+2xyz+ 2yz^2+ 2xz^2
=x^3+ 3xy^2+ 6xy+ 3x^2y+3xz^2+ 3x^2z+ 3yz^2+ y^3z^3 (1)
Xét vế phải ta có:x^3+ y^3+ z^3+ 3(x+y)(x+y)(y+z)
=x^3+ y^3+ z^3+ 3(xy+ xz+ y^2+ yz)(z+x)
=x^3+ y^3+ z^3+ 3(xyz+ xz^2+ y^2z+ yz^2+ x^2y+ x^2z+ xy^2+xyz)
=x^2+ y^3+ z^3 +3(2xyz+ xz^2+ y^2z+ yz^2+x^2y+x^2z+ xy^2)
=x^3+ y^3+ z^3+6xyz+ 3xz^2+ 3y^2z+3yz^2+ 3x^2y+3x^2z+3xy^2(2)
Từ (1) và (2)=>.......
1: \(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-1}{\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y+1\right)\left(x+y-1\right)}{\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)}=\dfrac{x+y-1}{x-y+1}\)
2: \(=\dfrac{\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{x^2-xy+y^2}\)
3: \(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz}{2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(x+y+x=0\)
<=>\(x+y=-z\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=\left(-z\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+2xy+y^2=z^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-z^2=-2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2-z^2\right)^2=\left(-2xy\right)^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x^4+y^4+z^4+2x^2y^2-2y^2z^2-2z^2x^2=4x^2y^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x^4+y^4+z^4=4x^2y^2-2x^2y^2+2y^2z^2+2z^2y^2\\ \Leftrightarrow x^4+y^4+z^4=2x^2y^2+2y^2z^2+2z^2x^2\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)=x^4+y^4+z^4+2x^2y^2+2y^2z^2+2z^2x^2\\ \Leftrightarrow2\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\)
Ta có:
\(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y=-z\)
Bình phương 2 vế:
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2xy+y^2=z^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-z^2=-2xy\)
Bình phương 2 vế thêm lần nữa:
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+y^4+z^4+2x^2y^2-2x^2z^2-2y^2z^2=4x^2y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+y^4+z^4=2x^2y^2+2y^2z^2+2x^2z^2\)
Cộng 2 vế cho \(x^4+y^4+z^4\) , ta có:
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)=x^4+y^4+z^4+2\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\) (đpcm)
Ta có
\(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2-2\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)\)
\(=2x^2y^2+2y^2z^2+2z^2x^2-x^4-y^4-z^4\)
\(=\left(z^2x^2+2z^2xy+z^2y^2\right)+\left(z^2x^2-2z^2xy+z^2y^2\right)+\left(-x^4+2x^2y^2-y^4\right)-z^4\)
\(=z^2\left(x+y\right)^2+z^2\left(x-y\right)^2-\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2-z^4\)
\(=z^2\left(\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)^2\left(\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2\right)\)
\(=\left(\left(x+y\right)^2-z^2\right)\left(z^2-\left(x-y\right)^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x+y-z\right)\left(z-x+y\right)\left(z+x-y\right)=0\)
Vậy \(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2=2\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)\)
khó vậy