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Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho các số dương , ta có :
\(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z}.\dfrac{yz}{x}}=2\sqrt{y^2}=2y\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{xz}{y}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{x}.\dfrac{xz}{y}}=2\sqrt{z^2}=2z\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{xz}{y}\) ≥ \(2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{z}.\dfrac{xz}{y}}=2\sqrt{x^2}=2x\left(3\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của ( 1 ; 2 ; 3) , ta được :
\(2\left(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{xz}{y}\right)\) ≥ \(2\left(x+y+z\right)\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{xz}{y}\) ≥ \(x+y+z=2019\)
⇒ \(P_{Min}=2019\) ⇔ \(x=y=z=673\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{x^2}{x^2+2yz}+\frac{y^2}{y^2+2xz}+\frac{z^2}{z^2+2xy}\right)(x^2+2yz+y^2+2xz+z^2+2xy)\geq (x+y+z)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P(x+y+z)^2\geq (x+y+z)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\geq 1\)
Vậy \(P_{\min}=1\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\)
\(P=\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+2yz}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+2xz}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+2xy}\)
Áp dụng BDT Cô-si : \(a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y^2+z^2\ge2yz\\x^2+z^2\ge2xz\\x^2+y^2\ge2xy\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2+z^2\ge x^2+2yz>0\\x^2+y^2+z^2\ge y^2+2xz>0\\x^2+y^2+z^2\ge z^2+2xy>0\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}\le\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+2yz}\\\dfrac{y^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}\le\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+2xz}\\\dfrac{z^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}\le\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+2xy}\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow P=\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+2yz}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2+2xz}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^2+2xy}\\ \ge\dfrac{x^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}\\ \ge\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}\ge1\forall x;y;z\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(:\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=z\\x=z\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
Vậy \(P_{Min}=1\) khi \(x=y=z\)
\(Q=\dfrac{x^3}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^3}{x+z}+\dfrac{z^3}{x+y}\)
\(Q=\dfrac{x^4}{xy+xz}+\dfrac{y^4}{xy+zy}+\dfrac{z^4}{xz+yz}\)
\(Q\ge\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{xy+xz+xy+zy+xz+yz}=\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\)(svac-xo)
Lại có:\(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+zx\)(tự cm)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{2}\)
Mặt khác:\(3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge36\)(tự cm)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge12\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\ge\dfrac{12}{2}=6\)
Vậy MINQ=6<=>x=y=z=2
Ta có: \((\dfrac{x^3}{y+z}+\dfrac{y+z}{x})+\left(\dfrac{y^3}{x+z}+\dfrac{x+z}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z^3}{x+y}+\dfrac{x+y}{z}\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x^3\left(y+z\right)}{\left(y+z\right)x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{y^3\left(x+z\right)}{\left(x+z\right)y}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{z^3\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)z}}=2\sqrt{x^2}+2\sqrt{y^2}+2\sqrt{z^2}=2\left(x+y+z\right)\ge2.6=12\)
(Bất đẳng thức cauchy)
mà \(\dfrac{y+z}{x}+\dfrac{x+z}{y}+\dfrac{x+y}{z}=\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{x}{z}+\dfrac{y}{z} \)
\(=\left(\dfrac{y}{x}+\dfrac{x}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{x}{z}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{y}{z}\right)\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{yx}{xy}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{xz}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{zy}{yz}}=2+2+2=6\) (Bất đẳng thức cauchy)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge12-6=6\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)x = y = z = 2
Vậy GTNN của P = 6 \(\Leftrightarrow\)x = y = z = 2
Áp dụng bđt Svác - sơ ta có :
\(P=\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+z}+\dfrac{z}{x+y}=\dfrac{x^2}{xy+xz}+\dfrac{y^2}{xy+yz}+\dfrac{z^2}{xz+yz}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2.\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) có GTNN là \(\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{x^2+x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2+y}+\dfrac{1}{z^2+z}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x\left(x+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{y\left(y+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{z\left(z+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x}-\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y}-\dfrac{1}{y+1}+\dfrac{1}{z}-\dfrac{1}{z+1}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\) và BĐT Cauchy Shwarz dạng Engel, ta có:
\(P\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+1+\dfrac{1}{y}+1+\dfrac{1}{z}+1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)-\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\left[\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}\right]-\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{9}{3}-1\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1.
Min P = 1,5 <=> x = y = z = 1.
T xài phương pháp chuẩn hóa thử, lên C3 có gặp mấy bài này chém dễ dàng, có sai thì đừng ném đá nha :vv.
Ta chứng minh BĐT sau:
\(\dfrac{1}{x^2+x}\ge-0,75x+1,25\) \(\forall x\in\left(0;1\right)\) ( Để ra cái BĐT này t dùng casio, ra cái này là ra hết bài :D )
Thật vậy: \(\dfrac{1}{x^2+x}+0,75x-1,25\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1+0,75x\left(x^2+x\right)-1,25\left(x^2+x\right)}{x^2+x}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow1+0,75x^3+0,75x^2-1,25x^2+1,25x\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow0,75\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\ge0\) \(\forall x\in\left(0;1\right)\) (BĐT này luôn đúng)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{y^2+y}\ge-0,75y+1,25\)
\(\dfrac{1}{z^2+z}\ge-0,75z+1,25\)
Cộng vế theo vế các BĐT vừa chứng minh, ta được: \(P\ge-0,75\left(x+y+z\right)+1,25.3\)
\(P\ge1\)
Vậy Min P =1 khi x=y=z =1
Sửa đề:
\(\dfrac{x^2y}{x-1}+\dfrac{y^2z}{y-1}+\dfrac{z^2x}{z-1}=\dfrac{x^2y^2}{xy-y}+\dfrac{y^2z^2}{yz-z}+\dfrac{z^2x^2}{zx-x}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{xy+yz+zx-6}\)
Đặt \(t=xy+yz+zx>x+y+z=6\) thì ta có
\(\dfrac{t^2}{t-6}=24+\dfrac{t^2-24t+144}{t-6}=24+\dfrac{\left(t-12\right)^2}{t-6}\ge24\)
Vậy GTNN là 24 đạt dược khi \(x=y=z=2\)
\(P=\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{zx}{y}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{zx}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{yz}{x}+\dfrac{zx}{y}\right)\right]\)
\(\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2y+2x+2z\right)=x+y+z=2014\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2014}{3}\)
Ta sẽ CM BĐT phụ sau : \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy dang Engel , ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{3^2}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{9}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Trong đó : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=x+y\\b=y+z\\c=z+x\end{matrix}\right.\) , ta có :
\(\left(x+y+y+z+x+z\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+z}\right)\ge4,5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+y+z}{x+y}+\dfrac{x+y+z}{y+z}+\dfrac{x+y+z}{z+x}\ge4,5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{z}{x+y}+1+\dfrac{x}{y+z}+1+\dfrac{y}{x+z}\ge4,5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{y+z}+\dfrac{y}{z+x}+\dfrac{z}{z+y}\ge1,5\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{Min}=1,5."="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)