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Ta có: \(x+2y+3x=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\left(2y+3z\right)\)
Lại có: \(2xy+6yz+3xz=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(2y+3z\right)+6yz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(2y+3z\right)\left(2y+3z\right)+6yz=0\Leftrightarrow-\left(2y+3z\right)^2+6yz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2y+3z\right)^2-6yz=0\Leftrightarrow4y^2+12yz+9z^2-6yz=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4y^2+6yz+9z^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2y+\dfrac{3z}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{27z^2}{4}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2y+\dfrac{3z}{2}\right)^2=0\\\dfrac{27z^2}{4}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow y=z=0\Rightarrow x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\dfrac{\left(-1\right)^{2019}-1^{2017}+\left(-1\right)^{2015}}{1^{2018}+2.0^{2016}+0^{2014}+2}=\dfrac{-1-1+-1}{1+0+0+2}=\dfrac{-3}{3}=-1\)
\(VT=x^2+y^2+1+2xy+2x+2y+x^2=\left(x+y+1\right)^2+x^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\x+y+1=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=-1\end{cases}}}\)
Ta có:
\(M=\frac{x\left(yz-x^2\right)+y\left(zx-y^2\right)+z\left(xy-z^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}=\frac{xyz-x^3+xyz-y^3+xyz-z^3}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}=\frac{3xyz-x^3-y^3-z^3}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
\(-M=\frac{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}\)
Xét đẳng thức phụ:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=\left[\left(a +b\right)^3+c^3\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right)-ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2-ab\right]=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-abc-ac\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\)
Thay vào -M ta có:
\(-M=\frac{\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\right]}{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\Rightarrow M=-\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Giờ thay: \(x=2014^{2015}-20142015;y=20142015-2015^{2014};z=2015^{2014}-2014^{2015}\)
Ta có:
\(M=-\frac{1}{2}\left(2014^{2015}-20142015+20142015-2015^{2014}+2015^{2014}-2014^{2015}\right)=0\)
Đặt \(\frac{x}{2013}=\frac{y}{2014}=\frac{z}{2015}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2013k\\y=2014k\\z=2015k\end{cases}}\)
Ta có :
4(x - y)(y - z) = 4(2013k - 2014k)(2014k - 2015k)
=4.(-k).(-k) = 4k2 (1)
(z - x)2 = (2015k - 2013k)2 = (2k)2 = 4k2 (2)
Từ 1 và 2
=> 4(x - y)(y - z) = (z - x)2
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(x^2+2y^2+z^2-2xy-2y-4z+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x^2+y^2-2xy)+(y^2-2y+1)+(z^2-4z+4)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-y)^2+(y-1)^2+(z-2)^2=0\)
Ta thấy:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} (x-y)^2\geq 0\\ (y-1)^2\geq 0\\ (z-2)^2\geq 0\end{matrix}\right., \forall x,y,z\in\mathbb{R}\)
\(\Rightarrow (x-y)^2+(y-1)^2+(z-2)^2\geq 0\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x-y=0\\ y-1=0\\ z-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=1\\ y=1\\ z=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do đó:
\(A=(x-1)^{2015}+(y-1)^{2015}+(z-1)^{2015}=1\)
nếu đề bài cho đẳng thức đó=20 thì lm thế nào ạ?