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Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\dfrac{x+1}{1+y^2}=x+1-\dfrac{y^2\left(x+1\right)}{y^2+1}\ge x+1-\dfrac{y\left(x+1\right)}{2}\)
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại ta cũng có:
\(\dfrac{y+1}{1+z^2}\ge y+1-\dfrac{z\left(y+1\right)}{2};\dfrac{z+1}{1+x^2}\ge z+1-\dfrac{x\left(z+1\right)}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế 3 BĐT trên ta có:
\(Q\ge\left(x+y+z+3\right)-\dfrac{x\left(z+1\right)+y\left(x+1\right)+z\left(y+1\right)}{2}\)
\(=6-\dfrac{xy+yz+xz+x+y+z}{2}\)
\(\ge6-\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+3}{2}=6-3=3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\)
2) \(\sum\dfrac{x}{x^2-yz+2013}=\sum\dfrac{x^2}{x^3-xyz+2013x}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz+2013\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^3}=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Bài 1:
\((x,y,z)=(\frac{2a^2}{bc}; \frac{2b^2}{ca}; \frac{2c^2}{ab})\) (\(a,b,c>0\) )
Khi đó:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{\frac{4a^4}{b^2c^2}}{\frac{4a^4}{b^2c^2}+\frac{4a^2}{bc}+1}+\frac{\frac{4b^4}{c^2a^2}}{\frac{4b^4}{c^2a^2}+\frac{4b^2}{ca}+4}+\frac{\frac{4c^4}{a^2b^2}}{\frac{4c^4}{a^2b^2}+\frac{4c^2}{ab}+4}\)
\(=\frac{a^4}{a^4+a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{b^4}{b^4+b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{c^4}{c^4+c^2ab+a^2b^2}\)
\(\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{a^4+b^4+c^4+a^2bc+b^2ac+c^2ab+(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)}\)
(Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy_Schwarz)
Theo BĐT Cauchy dễ thấy:
\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\geq a^2bc+b^2ca+c^2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{a^4+b^4+c^4+2(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2)}=\frac{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}{(a^2+b^2+c^2)^2}=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$ hay $x=y=z=2$
Bài 2:
Đặt \((x,y,z)=\left(\frac{a}{b};\frac{b}{c}; \frac{c}{a}\right)\)
Ta có:
\(\text{VT}=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{c}{b}-1\right)\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{a}{c}-1\right)\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{b}{a}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{(a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)}{abc}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\((a+c-b)(b+a-c)\leq \left(\frac{a+c-b+b+a-c}{2}\right)^2=a^2\)
\((b+a-c)(c+b-a)\leq \left(\frac{b+a-c+c+b-a}{2}\right)^2=b^2\)
\((a+c-b)(c+b-a)\leq \left(\frac{a+c-b+c+b-a}{2}\right)^2=c^2\)
Nhân theo vế:
\(\Rightarrow [(a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)]^2\leq (abc)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow (a+c-b)(b+a-c)(c+b-a)\leq abc\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\leq 1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$ hay $x=y=z=1$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có :
\(\dfrac{x^2}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}=\dfrac{x^3}{x\sqrt{1-x^2}}\ge\dfrac{x^3}{\dfrac{x^2+1-x^2}{2}}=2x^3\)
\(\dfrac{y^2}{\sqrt{1-y^2}}=\dfrac{y^3}{y\sqrt{1-y^2}}\ge\dfrac{y^3}{\dfrac{y^2+1-y^2}{2}}=2y^3\)
\(\dfrac{z^2}{\sqrt{1-z^2}}=\dfrac{z^3}{z\sqrt{1-z^2}}\ge\dfrac{z^3}{\dfrac{z^2+1-z^2}{2}}=2z^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}+\dfrac{y^2}{\sqrt{1-y^2}}+\dfrac{z^2}{\sqrt{1-z^2}}\ge2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)=2\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)(x+x+y+z)\geq (1+1+1+1)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{16}{2x+y+z}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\geq \frac{16}{x+2y+z}\)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{2}{z}\geq \frac{16}{x+y+2z}\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT vừa thu được:
\(\Rightarrow 4\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\geq 16\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow 16\geq 16\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\leq 1\)
Ta có đpcm.
Ta có :
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}=\dfrac{16}{16\left(x+x+y+z\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}=\dfrac{16}{16\left(x+y+y+z\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}=\dfrac{16}{16\left(x+y+z+z\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của BĐT ta được :
\(\dfrac{1}{2x+y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+2y+z}+\dfrac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{4}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{4}{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=1\)
Vậy BĐT đã được chứng minh !
cj tìm ra nghiệm r e! x=y=z=1 . Nhưg mà vẫn chưa giải ra đc
Vì \(x,y,z\in\left[0;1\right]\) nên \(\left(x-1\right)\left(z-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow xz+1\ge x+z\)
\(\Rightarrow xz+1+y\ge x+y+z\) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{1+y+zx}\le\dfrac{x}{x+y+z}\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{1+y+xz}+\dfrac{y}{1+z+xy}+\dfrac{z}{1+x+yz}\le\dfrac{x}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{y}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{z}{z+y+z}=1\)
hay \(\dfrac{3}{x+y+z}\le1\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge3\)
Mà \(x;y;z\in\left[0;1\right]\Rightarrow x+y+z\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=3\) và \(x=y=z=1\)
Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{x+1}+\dfrac{1}{y+2}+\dfrac{1}{z+3}\ge\dfrac{9}{x+y+z+6}\), do đó:
\(\dfrac{9}{x+y+z+6}\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge3\)
Đặt \(x+y+z=t\left(t\ge3\right)\). Khi đó \(P=t+\dfrac{1}{t}\)
\(P=\dfrac{t}{9}+\dfrac{1}{t}+\dfrac{8}{9}t\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{t}{9}.\dfrac{1}{t}}+\dfrac{8}{9}.3\)
\(=\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{24}{9}\)
\(=\dfrac{10}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t=x+y+z=3\\x+1=y+2=z+3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(2,1,0\right)\)
Vậy \(min_P=\dfrac{10}{3}\Leftrightarrow\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(2,1,0\right)\)