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Bài 1:
a. ta có \(\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+y\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2\)
= \(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(x-\sqrt{xy}+y\right)}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}-x+2\sqrt{xy}-y\)
= \(x-\sqrt{xy}+y-x+2\sqrt{xy}-y\)
=\(\sqrt{xy}\)
b.ĐK: x ≠ 1
Ta có: A= \(\sqrt{\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+1}{x-2\sqrt{x}+1}}\)=\(\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)^2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2}}\)=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\left|\sqrt{x}-1\right|}\)
*Nếu \(\sqrt{x}-1\ge0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}\ge1\)
⇒ A = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
*Nếu \(\sqrt{x}-1< 0\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}< 1\)
⇒ A=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{-\sqrt{x}+1}\)
c.Ta có:
4.a)\(x-2\sqrt{x}+3\)
\(=x-2\sqrt{x}+1+2\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+2\)
Vì \(\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2\ge0,\forall x\)
\(\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow Min_{bt}=2\) khi \(\sqrt{x}-1=0\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=1\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b)Ta có:
\(x-4\sqrt{y}+13\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-4\sqrt{y}\ge-13\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x-4\sqrt{y}=0\Leftrightarrow x=4\sqrt{y}\)
Vậy \(min_{bt}=0\) khi \(x=4\sqrt{y}\)
c)Ta có:
\(2x-4\sqrt{y}+6\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2\sqrt{y}+3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-2\sqrt{y}\ge-3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x-2\sqrt{y}=0\Leftrightarrow x=2\sqrt{y}\)
Vậy \(Min_{bt}=0\) khi \(x=2\sqrt{y}\)
d)Ta có:
\(x^2+2x+5=x^2+2x+1+4=\left(x+1\right)^2+4\)
Vì \(\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0,\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2+4\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\le\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\ge-\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{4}{\left(x+1\right)^2+4}\ge-1\)
Vậy \(Min_{bt}=-1\) khi \(x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Lời giải:
ĐK: \(x,y\geq 1\)
PT \(\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x^2+5}-\sqrt{y^2+5})+(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y-1})+(x^2-y^2)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{x^2-y^2}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+\sqrt{y^2+5}}+\frac{x-y}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}+(x^2-y^2)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x-y)\left(\frac{x+y}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+\sqrt{y^2+5}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}+x+y\right)=0\)
Với mọi \(x,y\geq 1\) dễ thấy biểu thức trong ngoặc lớn luôn lớn hơn $0$
Do đó: \(x-y=0\Leftrightarrow x=y\) (dpcm)
\(a,\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}.\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+3\)
\(b,\dfrac{4y+3\sqrt{y}-7}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4y+7\sqrt{y}-4\sqrt{y}-7}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{y}.\left(4\sqrt{y}\right)-\left(4\sqrt{y}+7\right)}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(4\sqrt{y}+7\right).\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{y}-1\)
\(c,\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}.\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{xy}\)
\(d,\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}-4}{x-\sqrt{x}-12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-4\sqrt{x}-4}{x+3\sqrt{x}-4\sqrt{x}-12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}.\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-4\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}.\left(x+3\right)-4\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}-3}{x-9}\)
\(e,\dfrac{1+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}}{1+\sqrt{4}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}}{1+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}}{3}\)
\(y=\frac{1}{9+4\sqrt{5}}=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow N=\frac{1}{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)^2}-\frac{3}{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+2\right)}+\frac{2}{9+4\sqrt{5}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{9-4\sqrt{5}}+\frac{2}{9+4\sqrt{5}}-3=\frac{9+4\sqrt{5}+18-8\sqrt{5}}{\left(9-4\sqrt{5}\right)\left(9+4\sqrt{5}\right)}-3=24-4\sqrt{5}\)
\(S^2=x^2\left(1+y^2\right)+y^2\left(1+x^2\right)+2xy\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}\)
\(=x^2+y^2+x^2y^2+1+x^2y^2-1+2xy\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)+2xy\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}+x^2y^2-1\)
\(=\left(xy+\sqrt{\left(1+x^2\right)\left(1+y^2\right)}\right)^2-1\)
\(=2005^2-1\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\pm\sqrt{2005^2-1}\)
c/
Giả sử \(\sqrt[3]{3+\sqrt[3]{3}}+\sqrt[3]{3-\sqrt[3]{3}}< 2\sqrt[3]{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{3+\sqrt[3]{3}}-\sqrt[3]{3}< \sqrt[3]{3}-\sqrt[3]{3-\sqrt[3]{3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\sqrt[3]{3}}{\sqrt[3]{\left(3+\sqrt[3]{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt[3]{9+3\sqrt[3]{3}}+\sqrt[3]{9}}< \frac{\sqrt[3]{3}}{\sqrt[3]{9}+\sqrt[3]{9-3\sqrt[3]{3}}+\sqrt[3]{\left(3-\sqrt[3]{3}\right)^2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{\left(3+\sqrt[3]{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt[3]{9+3\sqrt[3]{3}}+\sqrt[3]{9}>\sqrt[3]{9}+\sqrt[3]{9-3\sqrt[3]{3}}+\sqrt[3]{\left(3-\sqrt[3]{3}\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{\left(3+\sqrt[3]{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt[3]{9+3\sqrt[3]{3}}>\sqrt[3]{9-3\sqrt[3]{3}}+\sqrt[3]{\left(3-\sqrt[3]{3}\right)^2}\) (1)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt[3]{9+3\sqrt[3]{3}}>\sqrt[3]{9-3\sqrt[3]{3}}\\\sqrt[3]{\left(3+\sqrt[3]{3}\right)^2}>\sqrt[3]{\left(3-\sqrt[3]{3}\right)^2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nên (1) đúng
Vậy BĐT ban đầu đúng
\(2-2x\sqrt{1-y^2}-2y\sqrt{1-x^2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x\sqrt{1-y^2}+1-y^2\right)+\left(y^2-2y\sqrt{1-x^2}+1-x^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{1-y^2}\right)^2+\left(y-\sqrt{1-x^2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\sqrt{1-y^2}\\y=\sqrt{1-x^2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2=1\)
\(\sqrt{x^2+5}+\sqrt{x-1}+x^2=\sqrt{y^2+5}+\sqrt{y-1}+y^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x^2+5}-\sqrt{y^2+5}\right)+\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y-1}\right)+\left(x^2-y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2-y^2}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+\sqrt{y^2+5}}+\frac{x-y}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}+\left(x^2-y^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(\frac{x+y}{\sqrt{x^2+5}+\sqrt{y^2+5}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}}+x+y\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y\)