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\(x^3+y^3+3xy\le1\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-1-3xy\left(x+y\right)+3xy\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y+1\right]-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy+x+y+1\right)\le0\)
Do \(x^2+y^2-xy+x+y+1=\left(x-\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+x+y+1>0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y-1\le0\Rightarrow x+y\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{4x}\right)+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{4y}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{4x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{y}{4y}}+\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{4}{x+y}\ge2+\dfrac{3}{4}.\dfrac{4}{1}=5\)
\(P_{min}=5\) khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(x^4+y^4\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\dfrac{1}{2}.2xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)=xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)\)
Áp dụng:
\(P\le\dfrac{a}{a+bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{b}{b+ca\left(c^2+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c}{c+ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+abc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+abc\left(c^2+a^2\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+abc\left(a^2+b^2\right)}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(ab+bc+ca=abc\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\)
Đặt vế trái của BĐT cần chứng minh là P
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a+2b+3c}=\dfrac{1}{a+b+b+c+c+c}\le\dfrac{1}{6^2}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+2b+3c}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\dfrac{1}{b+2c+3a}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}+\dfrac{3}{a}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{c+2a+3b}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}\right)\)
Cộng vế:
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{6}{a}+\dfrac{6}{b}+\dfrac{6}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
C/m : \(\dfrac{1}{a+2}+\dfrac{1}{b+2}+\dfrac{1}{c+2}=1\) (*)
Thật vậy , (*) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)+\left(a+2\right)\left(c+2\right)=\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac+4\left(a+b+c\right)+12=abc+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)+4\left(a+b+c\right)+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac+abc=4\) (Đ)
=> (*) đúng ( đpcm )
Ta có: \(\sqrt{x^2+y^2+4x-2y+5}+\sqrt{x^2+y^2-8x-14y+65}=6\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+2\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(4-x\right)^2+\left(7-y\right)^2}=6\sqrt{2}\left(^∗\right)\)
Xét hai vectơ \(\overrightarrow{u}=\left(x+2;y-1\right)\)và \(\overrightarrow{v}=\left(4-x;7-y\right)\)
Ta có: \(\overrightarrow{u}+\overrightarrow{v}=\left(6;6\right)\Rightarrow\left|\overrightarrow{u}+\overrightarrow{v}\right|=\sqrt{6^2+6^2}=6\sqrt{2}\)
Do vậy \(\left(^∗\right)\)trở thành\(\overrightarrow{u}+\overrightarrow{v}=\left|\overrightarrow{u}+\overrightarrow{v}\right|\)
Điều này xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\overrightarrow{u}\)và \(\overrightarrow{v}\)cùng hướng
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x+2\right)\left(7-y\right)=\left(y-1\right)\left(4-x\right)\\\left(x+2\right)\left(4-x\right)\ge0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=x+3\\-2\le x\le4\end{cases}}\)
Khi y = x + 3 thì \(x^2+y^2-2x+2y+2=2x^2+6x+17\)
Xét hàm số \(f\left(x\right)=2x^2+6x+17\)trên đoạn \(\left[-2;4\right]\)
Ta có: \(-\frac{6}{2.2}=\frac{-3}{2}\in\left[-2;4\right]\)và \(f\left(-2\right)=13;f\left(-\frac{3}{2}\right)=\frac{25}{2};f\left(4\right)=73\)
Suy ra \(|^{min}_{\left[-2;4\right]}f\left(x\right)=\frac{25}{2}\);\(|^{max}_{\left[-2;4\right]}f\left(x\right)=73\)
Do đó \(m=\frac{25}{2};M=73\)và \(n+M=\frac{171}{2}\)
Vậy \(n+M=\frac{171}{2}\)
Em xin phép nhờ quý thầy cô và các bạn giúp đỡ với ạ!