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\(2\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{2x}+\sqrt{2y}\ge8\)
Mà \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\sqrt{xy}\le x+y\\\sqrt{2x}+\sqrt{2y}\le2\sqrt{x+y}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+2\sqrt{x+y}\ge8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+y}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x+y}+4\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\ge4\)
\(P=\frac{x^2}{y}+\frac{y^2}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge x+y+\frac{4}{x+y}\)
\(P\ge\frac{x+y}{4}+\frac{4}{x+y}+\frac{3\left(x+y\right)}{4}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4\left(x+y\right)}{4\left(x+y\right)}}+\frac{3.4}{4}=5\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=2\)
\(VT=\sum\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)+\frac{3}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(VT\ge\sum\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2}=\sum\sqrt{\frac{5}{4}\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(x+y\right)+\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(y+z\right)+\frac{\sqrt{5}}{2}\left(z+x\right)\)
\(VT\ge\sqrt{5}\left(x+y+z\right)=\sqrt{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=a\\y+1=b\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow a+b=4\)
\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+1}+a}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^2+1}+b}=\sqrt{a^2+1}-a+\sqrt{b^2+1}-b\)
\(P=\sqrt{a^2+1}+\sqrt{b^2+1}-4\)
\(P\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(1+1\right)^2}-4=2\sqrt{5}-4\)
\(P_{min}=2\sqrt{5}-4\) khi \(a=b=2\) hay \(x=y=1\)
GTNN
\(x^2+y^2=1=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\Rightarrow2xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-1\)
\(x;\text{ }y\ge0\Rightarrow x+y=\sqrt{x^2+y^2+2xy}\ge\sqrt{1+2xy}\ge1\)
\(A^2=2+2\left(x+y\right)+2\sqrt{\left(1+2x\right)\left(1+2y\right)}\)
\(=2+2\left(x+y\right)+2\sqrt{1+2\left(x+y\right)+4xy}\)
\(=2+2\left(x+y\right)+2\sqrt{1+2\left(x+y\right)+2\left(x+y\right)^2-2}\)
\(=2+2t+2\sqrt{2t^2+2t-1}\text{ }\left(t=x+y\ge1\right)\)
\(\ge2+2+2\sqrt{2.1^2+2.1-1}\)
\(=4+2\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}=1+\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x+y=1\Leftrightarrow xy=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;0\right);\left(0;1\right)\)
GTLN
Với 2 số thực bất kì, ta luôn có: \(\left(a+b\right)^2=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)-\left(a-b\right)^2\le2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(A^2\le2\left(1+2x+1+2y\right)=4+4\left(x+y\right)\le4+4\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}=4+4\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\sqrt{4+4\sqrt{2}}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi 2 biến bằng nhau.
Câu 2-Ta có x^2+y^2=5
(x+y)^2-2xy=5
Đặt x+y=S. xy=P
S^2-2P=5
P=(S^2-5)/2
Ta lại có P=x^3+y^3=(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)=S^3-3SP=S^3-3S(S^2-5)/2
Rùi tự tính
Câu1
Ta có P<=a+a/4+b+a/12+b/3+4c/3 (theo bdt cô sy)
=> P<=4/3(a+b+c)=4/3
Vậy Max p =4/3 khi a=4b=16c
Ta có \(x,y\le1\) nên \(1\le\sqrt{1+2x}\le\sqrt{3}\).
Suy ra \(\left(\sqrt{1+2x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{1+2x}-\sqrt{3}\right)\le0\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\sqrt{1+2x}\ge1+2x+\sqrt{3}\).
Tương tự \(\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\sqrt{1+2y}\ge1+2y+\sqrt{3}\).
Suy ra \(\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)P\ge2+2\sqrt{3}+2\left(x+y\right)\).
Mà \(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge x^2+y^2=1\Rightarrow x+y\le1\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)P\ge2+2\sqrt{3}+2=4+2\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{3}+1\).
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 0; y = 1 hoặc x = 1; y = 0.
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