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b: 2x^3-1=15
=>2x^3=16
=>x=2
\(\dfrac{x+16}{9}=\dfrac{y-25}{16}=\dfrac{z+9}{25}\)
=>\(\dfrac{y-25}{16}=\dfrac{z+9}{25}=\dfrac{18}{9}=2\)
=>y-25=32; z+9=50
=>y=57; z=41
d: 3/5x=2/3y
=>9x=10y
=>x/10=y/9=k
=>x=10k; y=9k
x^2-y^2=38
=>100k^2-81k^2=38
=>19k^2=38
=>k^2=2
TH1: k=căn 2
=>\(x=10\sqrt{2};y=9\sqrt{2}\)
TH2: k=-căn 2
=>\(x=-10\sqrt{2};y=-9\sqrt{2}\)
Câu 1: Mình chỉnh sửa lại đầu bài của bạn nha. Không biết có đúng không. Nếu để đầu bài như bạn thì mình không làm ra được. Mog góp ý !!!!
Áp dụng t/c DTSBN ta có:
\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+1}=\dfrac{y}{x+z+1}=\dfrac{z}{x+y-2}=x+y+z\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y+x}{y+z+1+x+z+1+x+y-2}=\dfrac{x+y+x}{2x+2y+2z}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
=>\(\dfrac{x}{y+z+1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1\right)\)
=>\(\dfrac{y}{x+z+1}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(2\right)\)
=>\(\dfrac{z}{x+y-2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(3\right)\)
=> x+y+z = 1/2 (4)
Ta có : Từ (1) => 2x = y+z+1 kết hợp (4)
=> 2x = 1/2-x+1
=> 3x = 3/2 => x=1/2
Ta có: Từ (2) => 2y = x+z+1
=> 2y + y = x+y+z+1
=> 3y = 1/2+1 (theo 4) => 3y=3/2
=> y=1/2
Ta có : Từ (4) => x+y+z=1/2
=>1/2 + 1/2 +z = 1/2
=> z=-1/2
Vậy ( x;y;z)=(1/2;1/2;-1/2)
bài 1)
a) \(\dfrac{11}{13}-\left(\dfrac{5}{42}-x\right)=-\left(\dfrac{15}{28}-\dfrac{11}{15}\right)
\)
\(\left(\dfrac{5}{42}-x\right)=\dfrac{11}{13}+\dfrac{15}{28}-\dfrac{11}{15}\)
\(x=\dfrac{5}{42}-\dfrac{3541}{5460}=-\dfrac{413}{780}\)
b) \(\left|x+\dfrac{4}{15}\right|-\left|-3,75\right|=-\left|2,15\right|\)
\(\left|x+\dfrac{4}{15}\right|=-\left|2,15\right|+\left|3,75\right|=1,6\)
\(\Rightarrow x+\dfrac{4}{15}=1,6\) hoặc \(x+\dfrac{4}{15}=-1,6\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{3}\) hoặc \(x=-\dfrac{28}{15}\)
c) \(\dfrac{5}{3}-\left|x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right|=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right|=\dfrac{5}{3}+\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{13}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\dfrac{3}{2}=\dfrac{13}{6}\) hoặc \(x-\dfrac{3}{2}=-\dfrac{13}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{11}{3}\) hoặc \(x=-\dfrac{2}{3}\)
d)\(\left(x-\dfrac{2}{3}\right).\left(2x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x-\dfrac{2}{3}=0\) hoặc \(2x-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\x=\dfrac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3) a) \(\left(x^{^2}-4\right)^{^2}+\left(x+2\right)^{^2}=0\)
Vì \(\left(x^{^2}-4\right)^{^2}\ge0,\left(x+2\right)^{^2}\ge0\) nên :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^{^2}-4=0\\x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=\pm2\)
b) \(\left(x-y\right)^{^2}+\left|y+2\right|=0\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-y\right)^{^2}\ge0\\\left|y+2\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) nên \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=-2;y=-2\)
c) \(\left|x-y\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{9}{25}\right|=0\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-y\right|\ge0\\\left|y+\dfrac{9}{25}\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) nên \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y+\dfrac{9}{25}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow y=-\dfrac{9}{25};x=-\dfrac{9}{25}\)
d) \(\left|\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+x\right|=\left(-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)-\left|y\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+x\right|+\left|y\right|=-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+x\right|\ge0\\\left|y\right|\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) mà \(\left|\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+x\right|+\left|y\right|=-\dfrac{1}{4}\) nên không tồn tại x,y thỏa mãn đề bài .
a: \(\left(2x+3\right)\left(3x-5\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x-5\ge0\\2x+3\le0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>=\dfrac{5}{3}\\x< =-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b: \(\dfrac{x}{3-x}>-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{3-x}+1>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3-x}{3-x}>0\)
=>3-x>0
hay x<3
c: \(\dfrac{x-1}{x+5}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x-1}{x+5}-\dfrac{3}{2}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-2-3x-15}{2\left(x+5\right)}>=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+17}{2\left(x+5\right)}< =0\)
=>-17<=x<-5
d: \(\dfrac{7}{4x^2-1}\ge0\)
=>4x2-1>0
=>(2x-1)(2x+1)>0
=>x>1/2 hoặc x<-1/2
a)
\(\left|\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+x\right|=-\dfrac{1}{4}-y\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+x=-\dfrac{1}{4}-y\\\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+x=\dfrac{1}{4}+y\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-\dfrac{5}{12}\\x-y=\dfrac{1}{12}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{6}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b)\(\left|x-y\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{9}{25}\right|=0\)
ta thấy : \(\left|x-y\right|\ge0\\ \left|y+\dfrac{9}{25}\right|\ge0\)\(\Rightarrow\left|x-y\right|+\left|y+\dfrac{9}{25}\right|\ge0\)
đẳng thửc xảy ra khi : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y+\dfrac{9}{25}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=y=-\dfrac{9}{25}\)
vậy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-\dfrac{9}{25};-\dfrac{9}{25}\right)\)
c) \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-5\right)^{20}+\left(y^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^{10}=0\)
ta thấy \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-5\right)^{20}\:và\:\left(y^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^{10}\) là các lũy thừa có số mũ chẵn
\(\Rightarrow\:\)\(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-5\right)^{20}\ge0\\ \left(y^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^{10}\ge0\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{2}x-5\right)^{20}+\left(y^2-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^{10}\ge0\)
đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}x-5=0\\y^2-\dfrac{1}{4}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=10\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=-\dfrac{1}{2}\\y=\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy cặp số x,y cần tìm là \(\left(10;\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\:hoặc\:\left(10;-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
d)
\(\left|x\left(x^2-\dfrac{5}{4}\right)\right|=x\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-\dfrac{5}{4}\right)=x\left(vì\:x\ge0\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2-\dfrac{9}{4}\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x^2-\dfrac{9}{4}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy x cần tìm là \(-\dfrac{3}{2};0;\dfrac{3}{2}\)
e)\(x^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^4=0\)
ta thấy: \(x^2\ge0;\left(y-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^4\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+\left(y-\dfrac{1}{10}\right)^4\ge0\)
đẳng thức xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=\dfrac{1}{10}\end{matrix}\right.\)
vậy cặp số cần tìm là \(0;\dfrac{1}{10}\)
Có một phương pháp lớp 7 chứng minh khá hay mà mình mới tìm ra (do lớp 7 chưa học BĐT Svac) (@phynit)
+ Xét x = y,theo t/c dãu tỉ số bằng nhau: thì \(\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{1}{y}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1+1}{x+y}=\dfrac{2}{100}=\dfrac{1}{50}\)
Khi đó:
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{50}+\dfrac{1}{50}=\dfrac{1}{25}\) (1)
+ Xét \(x\ne y\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}\ne\dfrac{1}{y}\left(\ne\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ne\dfrac{1}{25}\)
Coi \(\dfrac{1}{x};\dfrac{1}{y};\dfrac{1}{25}\) là độ dài 3 cạnh tam giác,theo BĐT tam giác,ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}>\dfrac{1}{25}\) (2)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{1}{25}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{1}{y}\Leftrightarrow x=y\)