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1: \(=\dfrac{\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-1}{\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y+1\right)\left(x+y-1\right)}{\left(x+1-y\right)\left(x+1+y\right)}=\dfrac{x+y-1}{x-y+1}\)
2: \(=\dfrac{\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{x^2-xy+y^2}\)
3: \(=\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz}{2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-xz-yz+z^2\right)-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)}{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\)
\(A=x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)+z^3-3xyz\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-\left(xz+yz\right)+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)\)
\(=0\)
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\(A=\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{y}{z}+1\right)\left(\dfrac{z}{x}+1\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y}{y}\times\dfrac{y+z}{z}\times\dfrac{z+x}{x}\)
\(=\dfrac{-z}{y}\times\dfrac{-x}{z}\times\dfrac{-y}{x}\)
\(=-1\)
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\(A=\dfrac{1}{y^2+z^2-x^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+z^2-y^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2+y^2-z^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(y+z\right)^2-2yz-x^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+z\right)^2-2xz-y^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy-z^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\left(-x\right)^2-2yz-x^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(-y\right)^2-2xz-y^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(-z\right)^2-2xy-z^2}\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}+\dfrac{1}{xz}\right)\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{2}\times\dfrac{x+y+z}{xyz}\)
\(=0\)
b: \(M=\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ac}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{abc}=0\)
c: \(B=\dfrac{y}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)}-\dfrac{z}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}-\dfrac{x}{\left(x-z\right)\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{y\left(x-z\right)-z\left(x-y\right)-x\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{xy-yz-xz+zy-xy+xz}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}=0\)
Bài 1:
a: \(A=\dfrac{x^4+x^3+x+1}{x^4-x^3+2x^2-x+1}=\dfrac{x^3\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)}{x^4-x^3+x^2+x^2-x+1}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)}{\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)}=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2}{x^2+1}\)
Để A=0 thì x+1=0
hay x=-1
b: \(B=\dfrac{x^4-5x^2+4}{x^4-10x^2+9}=\dfrac{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)}{\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-9\right)}=\dfrac{x^2-4}{x^2-9}\)
Để B=0 thi (x-2)(x+2)=0
=>x=2 hoặc x=-2
Câu a:
Xét tử số:
\(x^3-y^3+z^3+3xyz=(x-y)^3+3xy(x-y)+z^3+3xyz\)
\(=(x-y)^3+z^3+3xy(x-y+z)\)
\(=(x-y+z)[(x-y)^2-z(x-y)+z^2]+3xy(x-y+z)\)
\(=(x-y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2-2xy-xz+yz)+3xy(x-y+z)\)
\(=(x-y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz-xz)\)
Xét mẫu số:
\((x+y)^2+(y+z)^2+(z-x)^2\)
\(x^2+2xy+y^2+y^2+2yz+z^2+z^2-2zx+x^2\)
\(2(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz-xz)\)
Do đó: \(\frac{x^3-y^3+z^3+3xyz}{(x+y)^2+(y+z)^2+(z-x)^2}=\frac{x-y+z}{2}\)
Câu b:
Xét tử số:
\((x^2-y)(y+1)+x^2y^2-1\)
\(=x^2y+x^2-y^2-y+x^2y^2-1\)
\(=(x^2y-y)+(x^2-1)+(x^2y^2-y^2)\)
\(=y(x^2-1)+(x^2-1)+y^2(x^2-1)=(x^2-1)(y^2+y+1)\)
Xét mẫu số:
\((x^2+y)(y+1)+x^2y^2+1\)
\(=x^2y+x^2+y^2+y+x^2y^2+1\)
\(=(x^2y+y)+(x^2+1)+(x^2y^2+y^2)\)
\(=y(x^2+1)+(x^2+1)+y^2(x^2+1)\)
\(=(x^2+1)(y+1+y^2)\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{(x^2-y)(y+1)+x^2y^2-1}{(x^2+y)(y+1)+x^2y^2+1}=\frac{(x^2-1)(y^2+y+1)}{(x^2+1)(y^2+y+1)}=\frac{x^2-1}{x^2+1}\)
\(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=0\)
\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)=0\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz=0\left(x+y+z\ne0\right)\)
\(2\times\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-xz-yz\right)=0\times2\)
\(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2xz-2yz=0\)
\(x^2-2xy+y^2+x^2-2xz+z^2+y^2-2yz+z^2=0\)
\(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2=0\)
\(\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x-y=0\\x-z=0\\y-z=0\end{array}\right.\)
\(\left[\begin{array}{nghiempt}x=y\\x=z\\y=z\end{array}\right.\)
x = y = z
\(P=\left(1+\frac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{z}\right)\left(1+\frac{x}{z}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{x}{x}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{z}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\)
\(=2^3\)
\(=8\)