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\(\left(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{4xy}+4xy\right)+\frac{5}{4xy}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4xy}.4xy}+\frac{5}{\left(x+y\right)^2}=4+2+5=11\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x =y = 1/2
chứng minh sao lại ra được điều này bạn?
\(\frac{1}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{1}{2xy}\ge\frac{\left(1+1\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
Ta có: \(\left(y^2-y\right)+2\ge0\Rightarrow2y^3\le y^4+y^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^3+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+y^3\right)\le\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\left(y^4+x^3\right)\)
Mà \(x^3+y^4\le x^2+y^3\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3\le x^2+y^2\left(1\right)\)
Lại có: \(x\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0;y\left(y+1\right)\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(x-1\right)^2+y\left(y+1\right)\left(y-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3-2x^2+x+y^4-y^3-y^2+y\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\left(x^2+y^3\right)\le\left(x+y\right)+\left(x^3+y^4\right)\)
Mà \(x^2+y^3\ge x^3+y^4\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2\le x+y\left(2\right)\)
Và \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\ge0;\left(y-1\right)\left(y^3-1\right)\ge0\)
\(x^3-x^2-x+1+y^4-y-y^3+1\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)+\left(x^2+y^3\right)\le2+\left(x^3+y^4\right)\)
Mà \(x^2+y^3\ge x^3+y^4\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\le2\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1), (2), (3) => đpcm
C.hóa \(x+y=1\) và dùng C-S:
\(VT^2\le\frac{2x}{\left(y+1\right)^2}+\frac{2y}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\le\frac{8}{9}=VP^2\)
\(BDT\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\left(2-x\right)^2}+\frac{y}{\left(2-y\right)^2}\le\frac{4}{9}\left(1\right)\)
Ta có BĐT phụ \(\frac{x}{\left(2-x\right)^2}\le\frac{20}{27}x-\frac{4}{27}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\frac{\left(2x-1\right)^2\left(5x-16\right)}{27\left(x-2\right)^2}\le0\) *Đúng*
Tương tự cho 2 BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế:
\(VT_{\left(1\right)}\le\frac{20}{27}\left(x+y\right)-\frac{4}{27}\cdot2=\frac{4}{9}=VP_{\left(1\right)}\)
"=" khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có :
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{4}{2y}\ge\frac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{x+2y}=\frac{9}{x+2y}\)(1)
Từ GT x + 2y ≤ 3z => \(\frac{1}{x+2y}\ge\frac{1}{3z}\)<=> \(\frac{9}{x+2y}\ge\frac{3}{z}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}\ge\frac{9}{x+2y}\ge\frac{3}{z}\)=> \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{2}{y}\ge\frac{3}{z}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> x=y=z=1
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=2019\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=2019\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=2019xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow2019x^2=\frac{x^2+xy+xz}{yz}\)
\(\Rightarrow2019x^2+1=\frac{x^2+xy+xz+yz}{yz}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}\)
\(=\left(\frac{x}{y}+1\right)\left(\frac{x}{z}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2019x^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{x}{y}+1\right)\left(\frac{x}{z}+1\right)}\)\(\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+2\right)=1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)(cô -si)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2+1+\sqrt{2019x^2+1}}{x}\le\frac{x^2+1+1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}{x}\)\(=x+\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{y^2+1+\sqrt{2019y^2+1}}{y}\le y+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
và \(\frac{z^2+1+\sqrt{2019z^2+1}}{z}\le z+\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
Cộng từng vế của các bđt trên, ta được:
\(\text{Σ}_{cyc}\frac{x^2+1+\sqrt{2019x^2+1}}{x}\le x+y+z+3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Chứng minh được: \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{xyz}=\frac{2019.3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2019xyz}\)
\(\le\frac{2019\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z}=2019\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le2020\left(x+y+z\right)=2020.2019xyz\)
Vậy \(\text{Σ}_{cyc}\frac{x^2+1+\sqrt{2019x^2+1}}{x}\le2019.2020xyz\left(đpcm\right)\)
Theo bài ra ta có:
\(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=\frac{z}{xyz}+\frac{x}{xyz}+\frac{y}{xyz}=\frac{x+y+z}{xyz}=2019\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=2019xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow2019x^2=\frac{x^2+xy+xz}{yz}\)
\(\Rightarrow2019x^2+1=\frac{x^2+xy+xz+yz}{yz}=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}{yz}=\left(\frac{x}{y}+1\right)\left(\frac{x}{z}+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2019x^2+1}=\sqrt{\left(\frac{x}{y}+1\right)\left(\frac{x}{z}+1\right)}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}+2\right)=1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)(Theo BĐT Cosi)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x^2+1+\sqrt{2019^2+1}}{x}\le\frac{x+1+1+\frac{x}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)}{x}=x+\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{y^2+1+\sqrt{2019y^2+1}}{y}\le y+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}\right)\)
\(\frac{z^2+1+\sqrt{2019z^2+1}}{z}\le z+\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le x+y+z+3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
Chứng minh được: \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{xyz}=\frac{2019\cdot3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2019xyz}\le\frac{2019\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)\(=2019\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le2020\left(x+y+z\right)=2020\cdot2019xyz=VP\)
=> ĐPCM