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\(tana-cota=2\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow\left(tana-cota\right)^2=12\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(tana+cota\right)^2-4=12\Rightarrow\left(tana+cota\right)^2=16\)
\(\Rightarrow P=4\)
\(sinx+cosx=\dfrac{1}{5}\Rightarrow\left(sinx+cosx\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{25}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+2sinx.cosx=\dfrac{1}{25}\Rightarrow sinx.cosx=-\dfrac{12}{25}\)
\(P=\dfrac{sinx}{cosx}+\dfrac{cosx}{sinx}=\dfrac{sin^2x+cos^2x}{sinx.cosx}=\dfrac{1}{sinx.cosx}=\dfrac{1}{-\dfrac{12}{25}}=-\dfrac{25}{12}\)
Lời giải:
Đặt $\sin x=a; \cos x=b(a>b)$
Ta có: $a^3-b^3=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\Rightarrow (a^3-b^3)^2=\frac{1}{2}$
$\Leftrightarrow a^6+b^6-2a^3b^3=\frac{1}{2}$
$\Leftrightarrow (a^2+b^2)(a^4-a^2b^2+b^4)-2a^3b^3=\frac{1}{2}$
$\Leftrightarrow a^4-a^2b^2+b^4-2a^3b^3=\frac{1}{2}$
$\Leftrightarrow (a^2+b^2)^2-3a^2b^2-2a^3b^3=\frac{1}{2}$
$\Leftrightarrow 3a^2b^2+2a^3b^3=\frac{1}{2}$
Đặt $ab=t$ thì $6t^2+4t^3-1=0$
$\Leftrightarrow 2t^2(2t+1)+(2t-1)(2t+1)=0$
$\Leftrightarrow (2t+1)(2t^2+2t-1)=0$
$\Rightarrow t=\frac{-1}{2}; t=\frac{-1\pm \sqrt{3}}{2}$
Nếu $t=ab=\frac{-1}{2}$:
$1=a^2+b^2=(a+b)^2-2ab\Rightarrow (a+b)^2=2ab+1=0\Rightarrow a=-b$
$\Rightarrow \tan x=\frac{a}{b}=-1$
$\Rightarrow \tan (x+\frac{\pi}{4})=\frac{\tan x+1}{1-\tan x}=0$
Nếu $t=ab=\frac{-1-\sqrt{3}}{2}\Rightarrow (a+b)^2=a^2+b^2+2ab=1+(-1-\sqrt{3})< 0$ (vô lý- loại)
Nếu $t=ab=\frac{-1+\sqrt{3}}{2}$
$a^3-b^3=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(a^2+b^2+ab)=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$
$\Leftrightarrow (a-b)(1+ab)=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}$
$\Rightarrow a-b=\frac{\sqrt{2}}{2}:(1+ab)=\frac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{2}$
Áp dụng định lý Vi-et đảo, $a,-b$ là nghiệm của PT:
$X^2-\frac{\sqrt{6}-\sqrt{2}}{2}X+\frac{1-\sqrt{3}}{2}=0$
Đến đây giải ra tìm $a,-b\Rightarrow a,b$
$\Rightarrow \tan x=\frac{a}{b}$. Từ đó thế vào tìm $\tan (x+\frac{\pi}{4})$
Giả sử các biểu thức đều xác định
a/
\(sinx.cotx+cosx.tanx=sinx.\frac{cosx}{sinx}+cosx.\frac{sinx}{cosx}=sinx+cosx\)
b/
\(\left(1+cosx\right)\left(sin^2x+cos^2x-cosx\right)=\left(1+cosx\right)\left(1-cosx\right)=1-cos^2x=sin^2x\)
c/
\(\frac{sinx+cosx}{cos^3x}=\frac{1}{cos^2x}\left(\frac{sinx+cosx}{cosx}\right)=\left(1+tan^2x\right)\left(tanx+1\right)=tan^3x+tan^2x+tanx+1\)
d/
\(tan^2x-sin^2x=\frac{sin^2x}{cos^2x}-sin^2x=sin^2x\left(\frac{1}{cos^2x}-1\right)\)
\(=sin^2x\left(\frac{1-cos^2x}{cos^2x}\right)=sin^2x.\frac{sin^2x}{cos^2x}=sin^2x.tan^2x\)
e/ \(cot^2x-cos^2x=\frac{cos^2x}{sin^2x}-cos^2x=cos^2x\left(\frac{1}{sin^2x}-1\right)=cos^2x\left(\frac{1-sin^2x}{sin^2x}\right)\)
\(=cos^2x.\frac{cos^2x}{sin^2x}=cos^2x.cot^2x\)
\(C=2\left(sin^4x+cos^4x+sin^2xcos^2x\right)^2-\left(sin^8x+cos^8x\right)\)
\(=2\left(\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^2-sin^2xcos^2x\right)^2-\left(\left(sin^4x+cos^4x\right)^2-2sin^4xcos^4x\right)\)
\(=2\left(1-sin^2xcos^2x\right)^2-\left(\left(\left(sin^2x+cos^2x\right)^2-2sin^2xcos^2x\right)^2-2sin^4xcos^4x\right)\)
\(=2\left(1-2sin^2xcos^2x+sin^4xcos^4x\right)-\left(1-4sin^2xcos^2x+4sin^4xcos^4x-2sin^4xcos^4x\right)\)
\(=1\)
a)
\((\sin x+\cos x)^2=\sin ^2x+2\sin x\cos x+\cos ^2x\)
\(=(\sin ^2x+\cos ^2x)+2\sin x\cos x=1+2\sin x\cos x\)
b)
\(\sin ^4x+\cos ^4x=\sin ^4x+2\sin ^2x\cos ^2x+\cos ^4x-2\sin ^2\cos ^2x\)
\(=(\sin ^2x+\cos ^2x)^2-2\sin ^2x\cos ^2x\)
\(=1-2\sin ^2x\cos ^2x\)
c)
\(\tan ^2x-\sin ^2x=(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x})^2-\sin ^2x\)
\(=\sin ^2x\left(\frac{1}{\cos ^2x}-1\right)=\sin ^2x. \frac{1-\cos ^2x}{\cos ^2x}=\sin ^2x.\frac{\sin ^2x}{\cos ^2x}\)
\(=\sin ^2x\left(\frac{\sin x}{\cos x}\right)^2=\sin ^2x\tan ^2x\)
d)
\(\sin ^6x+\cos ^6x=(\sin ^2x)^3+(\cos ^2x)^3\)
\(=(\sin ^2x+\cos ^2x)(\sin ^4x-\sin ^2x\cos ^2x+\cos ^4x)\)
\(=\sin ^4x-\sin ^2x\cos ^2x+\cos ^4x\)
\(=(\sin ^4x+\cos ^4x)-\sin ^2x\cos ^2x=1-2\sin ^2x\cos ^2x-\sin ^2x\cos ^2x\)
\(=1-3\sin ^2x\cos ^2x\) (theo kq phần b)
e)
\(\sin x\cos x(1+\tan x)(1+\cot x)=\sin x\cos x(1+\frac{\sin x}{\cos x})(1+\frac{\cos x}{\sin x})\)
\(=\sin x\cos x.\frac{\cos x+\sin x}{\cos x}.\frac{\sin x+\cos x}{\sin x}\)
\(=(\sin x+\cos x)^2=\sin ^2x+\cos ^2x+2\sin x\cos x\)
\(=1+2\sin x\cos x\)
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P/s: Nói chung cứ bám vào công thức \(\sin ^2x+\cos ^2x=1\)
\(1+tan^2x=\frac{1}{cos^2x}\Rightarrow cos^2x=\frac{1}{1+tan^2x}\)
\(P=\left(\frac{sinx-cosx}{cosx}\right)^2.cos^2x=\frac{\left(tanx-1\right)^2}{1+tan^2x}=\frac{\left(\frac{3}{4}-1\right)^2}{1+\frac{9}{16}}=...\)