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1.
Gọi G là trọng tâm tam giác
\(\overrightarrow{OA}+\overrightarrow{OB}+\overrightarrow{OC}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\overrightarrow{OG}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow O\equiv G\)
\(\Rightarrow O\) là trọng tâm tam giác ABC
\(\Rightarrow\Delta ABC\) đều
Gọi độ dài các cạnh tam giác là a
\(\overrightarrow{BN}.\overrightarrow{AM}=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=-\dfrac{1}{4}a^2-\dfrac{1}{8}a^2-\dfrac{1}{8}a^2+\dfrac{1}{2}a^2=0\)
Mặt khác \(\overrightarrow{BN}.\overrightarrow{AM}=BN.AM.cos\left(\overrightarrow{AM};\overrightarrow{BN}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow BN.AM.cos\left(\overrightarrow{AM};\overrightarrow{BN}\right)=0\Rightarrow cos\left(\overrightarrow{AM};\overrightarrow{BN}\right)=0\Rightarrow\left(\overrightarrow{AM};\overrightarrow{BN}\right)=90^o\)
\(BD=\dfrac{AB}{cos45^o}=\dfrac{a}{\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{2}}=a\sqrt{2}\)
\(\overrightarrow{BQ}.\overrightarrow{BP}=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BD}\right)\left(\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{BD}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}BA.BC.cos90^o+\dfrac{1}{4}BA.BD.cos45^o+\dfrac{1}{4}BD.BC.cos45^o+\dfrac{1}{4}BD^2\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{4}a^2+\dfrac{1}{4}a^2+\dfrac{1}{2}a^2=a^2\)
a/ \(\overrightarrow{AN}+\overrightarrow{BP}+\overrightarrow{CM}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{BA}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{CB}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BA}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{CB}\right)=\overrightarrow{0}\)
b/
Do MN là đường trung bình tam giác ABC \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{MN}=\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AN}=\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{MN}=\overrightarrow{AM}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}=\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{AP}\)
c/
\(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}=\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{CA}=\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{CA}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
a) Vì M, N, P lần lượt là trung điểm của BC, CA, AB
Nên AM, BN, CP lần lượt là đường trung tuyến của BC, CA, AB.
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
Lời giải:
a)
\(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BM}+\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{CN}+\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AP}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}=\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CM}+\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AN}+\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{BP}\)
\(\Rightarrow 2(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP})=(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BA})+(\overrightarrow{BM}+\overrightarrow{CM})+(\overrightarrow{BC}+\overrightarrow{CB})+(\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AC})+(\overrightarrow{AP}+\overrightarrow{BP})+(\overrightarrow{CN}+\overrightarrow{AN})\)
\(=\overrightarrow{0}+\overrightarrow{0}+\overrightarrow{0}+\overrightarrow{0}+\overrightarrow{0}+\overrightarrow{0}=\overrightarrow{0}\) (do các cặp tổng đều là vecto đối nhau)
\(\Rightarrow \overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}=0\)
(đpcm)
b) Theo phần a:
\(\overrightarrow{AM}=-(\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP})=-\overrightarrow{BN}+(-\overrightarrow{CP})\)
\(=\overrightarrow{NB}+\overrightarrow{PC}\) (đpcm)
tự vẽ hình
2AM=AB+AC (10
2BN=BC+BA (2)
2CP= CA+CB (3)
TỪ 1,2,3 suy ra 2AM+2BN+2CP=0
suy ra AM+BN+CP=0 (ĐPCM)
Bài 1 và Bài 2 tương tự nhau nên mk sẽ chỉ CM bài 1 thôi nha
Có \(\overrightarrow{AB}=\overrightarrow{DC}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{CD}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{DB}+\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{BD}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{AD}+\overrightarrow{CB}=0\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{AD}=\overrightarrow{BC}\)
Bài 3:
Xét \(\Delta AIP\) theo quy tắc trung điểm có:
\(\overrightarrow{IC}=\frac{\overrightarrow{IA}+\overrightarrow{IP}}{2}\)
Làm tương tự vs các tam giác còn lại
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{IB}=\frac{\overrightarrow{IN}+\overrightarrow{IC}}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{IA}=\frac{\overrightarrow{IB}+\overrightarrow{IM}}{2}\)
Cộng vế vs vế
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{IA}+\overrightarrow{IB}+\overrightarrow{IC}=\frac{\overrightarrow{IA}+\overrightarrow{IP}+\overrightarrow{IN}+\overrightarrow{IC}+\overrightarrow{IB}+\overrightarrow{IM}}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\overrightarrow{IA}+2\overrightarrow{IB}+2\overrightarrow{IC}=\overrightarrow{IA}+\overrightarrow{IB}+\overrightarrow{IC}+\overrightarrow{IM}+\overrightarrow{IN}+\overrightarrow{IP}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{IA}+\overrightarrow{IB}+\overrightarrow{IC}=\overrightarrow{IM}+\overrightarrow{IN}+\overrightarrow{IP}\left(đpcm\right)\)
a: \(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
b: \(=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BA}\)
c: \(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BN}+\overrightarrow{CP}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BC}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{CA}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CA}\right)=\overrightarrow{0}\)