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Lời giải:
$\overrightarrow{CM}.\overrightarrow{BN}=(\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AM})(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AN})$
$=\overrightarrow{CA}.\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{CA}.\overrightarrow{AN}+\overrightarrow{AM}.\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AM}.\overrightarrow{AN}$
$=\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CA}.\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{AC}+\frac{1}{5}\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{1}{5}\overrightarrow{AB}.\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{AC}$
$=\frac{21}{20}\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}-\frac{1}{4}AC^2-\frac{1}{5}AB^2$
$=\frac{21}{20}\cos A.|\overrightarrow{AB}|.|\overrightarrow{AC}|-\frac{1}{4}AC^2-\frac{1}{5}AB^2$
$=\frac{21}{20}.\frac{1}{2}.5.8-\frac{1}{4}.8^2-\frac{1}{5}.5^2=0$
$\Rightarrow CM\perp BN$
a) Có \(\overrightarrow{BC}^2=\left(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}\right)^2=\overrightarrow{AC}^2+\overrightarrow{AB}^2-2\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{AB}\)
Suy ra: \(\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{AB}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{AC^2}+\overrightarrow{AB}^2-\overrightarrow{BC}^2}{2}=\dfrac{8^2+6^2-11^2}{2}=-\dfrac{21}{2}\).
Do \(\overrightarrow{AC}.\overrightarrow{AB}< 0\) nên \(cos\widehat{BAC}< 0\) suy ra góc A là góc tù.
b) Từ câu a suy ra: \(cos\widehat{BAC}=\dfrac{\overrightarrow{AB}.\overrightarrow{AC}}{\left|\overrightarrow{AB}\right|.\left|\overrightarrow{AC}\right|}=-\dfrac{21}{2.6.8}=-\dfrac{7}{32}\).
Do N là trung điểm của AC nên \(AN=AC:2=8:2=4cm\).
\(\overrightarrow{AM}.\overrightarrow{AN}=AM.AN.cos\left(\overrightarrow{AM},\overrightarrow{AN}\right)\)
\(=2.4.cos\left(\overrightarrow{AB},\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=2.4.\dfrac{-7}{32}=-\dfrac{7}{4}\).
Có vẻ không đúng.
Giả sử \(\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MA}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{MB}+\left(\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{AB}\right)=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{MB}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\overrightarrow{MB}=\overrightarrow{0}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M\equiv B\) (Vô lí)
Tham khảo:
a) \(\)\(\overrightarrow {BA} + \overrightarrow {AC} = \overrightarrow {BC} \Rightarrow \left| {\overrightarrow {BC} } \right| = BC = a\)
b) Dựng hình bình hành ABDC, giao điểm của hai đường chéo là O ta có:
\(\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {AC} = \overrightarrow {AD} \)
\(AD = 2AO = 2\sqrt {A{B^2} - B{O^2}} = 2\sqrt {{a^2} - {{\left( {\frac{a}{2}} \right)}^2}} = a\sqrt 3 \)
\( \Rightarrow \left| {\overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {AC} } \right| = \left| {\overrightarrow {AD} } \right| = AD = a\sqrt 3 \)
c) \(\overrightarrow {BA} - \overrightarrow {BC} = \overrightarrow {BA} + \overrightarrow {CB} = \overrightarrow {CB} + \overrightarrow {BA} = \overrightarrow {CA} \)
\( \Rightarrow \left| {\overrightarrow {BA} - \overrightarrow {BC} } \right| = \left| {\overrightarrow {CA} } \right| = CA = a\)
+) Ta có: \(AB \bot AC \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {AB} \bot \overrightarrow {AC} \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {AB} .\overrightarrow {AC} = 0\)
+) \(\overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {BC} = \left| {\overrightarrow {AC} } \right|.\left| {\overline {BC} } \right|.\cos \left( {\overrightarrow {AC} ,\overrightarrow {BC} } \right)\)
Ta có: \(BC = \sqrt {A{B^2} + A{C^2}} = \sqrt 2 \Leftrightarrow \sqrt {2A{C^2}} = \sqrt 2 \)\( \Rightarrow AC = 1\)
\( \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {AC} .\overrightarrow {BC} = 1.\sqrt 2 .\cos \left( {45^\circ } \right) = 1\)
+) \(\overrightarrow {BA} .\overrightarrow {BC} = \left| {\overrightarrow {BA} } \right|.\left| {\overrightarrow {BC} } \right|.\cos \left( {\overrightarrow {BA} ,\overrightarrow {BC} } \right) = 1.\sqrt 2 .\cos \left( {45^\circ } \right) = 1\)
a.
\(\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BC}=\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CM}+\overrightarrow{BM}+\overrightarrow{MC}=\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{BM}\)
b.
\(\overrightarrow{AE}=3\overrightarrow{EM}=3\overrightarrow{EA}+3\overrightarrow{AM}\Rightarrow4\overrightarrow{AE}=3\overrightarrow{AM}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AE}=\dfrac{3}{4}\overrightarrow{AM}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AE}=\dfrac{3}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\dfrac{3}{8}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{3}{8}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{BE}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AE}=-\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{3}{8}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{3}{8}\overrightarrow{AC}=-\dfrac{5}{8}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{3}{8}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{BK}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AK}=-\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{3}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{8}{5}\overrightarrow{BE}\)
\(\Rightarrow\) B, E, K thẳng hàng