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K đối xứng B qua G \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BG}=\overrightarrow{GK}=\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{BK}\)
Theo t/c trọng tâm:
\(\overrightarrow{BG}=\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}=\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\frac{1}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=-\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AK}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BK}=\overrightarrow{AB}+2\overrightarrow{BG}=\overrightarrow{AB}+2\left(-\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=\overrightarrow{AB}-\frac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}=-\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\frac{1}{3}\\y=\frac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow3x+3y=1\)
Do G là trọng tâm ABC \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BG}=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
I đối xứng B qua G \(\Rightarrow\) \(\overrightarrow{BI}=2\overrightarrow{BG}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BI}=\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}=-\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{CI}=\overrightarrow{CB}+\overrightarrow{BI}=\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{4}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{CI}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
H đối xứng B qua G \(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{GH}=\overrightarrow{BG}\)
\(\overrightarrow{MH}=\overrightarrow{MG}+\overrightarrow{GH}=-\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AM}+\overrightarrow{BG}=-\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)+\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AG}\)
\(=-\frac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AB}-\frac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=-\frac{5}{6}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AC}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m=-\frac{5}{6}\\n=\frac{1}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn xem lại đề, I không thể là trung điểm AC.
Vì I là trung điểm AC, K thuộc AC nghĩa là I, K đều thuộc AC, vậy B,I,K thẳng hàng chỉ khi B cũng thuộc AC nốt (vô lý)
H đối xứng B qua G \(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BH}=2\overrightarrow{BG}=2\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\right)=-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AH}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BH}=\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}\)
\(\overrightarrow{CH}=\overrightarrow{CA}+\overrightarrow{AH}=-\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{MH}=\overrightarrow{MA}+\overrightarrow{AH}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}-\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}-\dfrac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}\)
\(=-\dfrac{5}{6}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{1}{6}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{AJ}=\frac{3}{2}\overrightarrow{AM}=\frac{3}{2}\left(\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{3}{4}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\overrightarrow{JK}=\overrightarrow{JA}+\overrightarrow{AK}=-\overrightarrow{AJ}+\overrightarrow{AK}=-\frac{3}{4}\overrightarrow{AB}-\frac{3}{4}\overrightarrow{AC}+\frac{1}{4}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(=-\frac{3}{4}\overrightarrow{AB}-\frac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m=-\frac{3}{4}\\n=-\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Do K đối xứng A qua G nên \(\overrightarrow{AK}=2\overrightarrow{AG}=2\left(\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)=\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=y=\frac{2}{3}\Rightarrow6x+6y=8\)