Question

[Legendary]

Cho \(S=1.2.3+2.3.4+3.4.5+.....+9.10.11\)

Chứng minh rằng \(4S+1\) luôn là số chính phương

Answer 1

[Nguyễn Hoàng Minh]

Ta có \(k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)=\dfrac{1}{4}k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\cdot4\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{4}k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left[\left(k+3\right)-\left(k-1\right)\right]\\ =\dfrac{1}{4}k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(k+3\right)-\dfrac{1}{4}\left(k-1\right)k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\)

Từ đó ta được \(S=\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot1\cdot2\cdot3\cdot4-\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot0\cdot1\cdot2\cdot3+...+\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot9\cdot10\cdot11\cdot12-\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot8\cdot9\cdot10\cdot11\\ \Leftrightarrow S=\dfrac{1}{4}\cdot9\cdot10\cdot11\cdot12\\ \Leftrightarrow4S+1=9\cdot10\cdot11\cdot12+1=11881=109^2\left(đpcm\right)\)