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4 ý cuối :
1)
Cu + 2H2SO4→ CuSO4+ SO2+2H2O
Cu0 →Cu+2 +2e║ x1
S+6+2e →S+4 ║ x1
2)
2Al+ 4H2SO4→ Al2(SO4)3+ S+ 4H2O
2Al0→2Al+3 +6e║x1
S+6 +6e→S0 ║x1
3)
4Zn +5H2SO4→ 4ZnSO4+ H2S+ 4H2O
Zn0\(\rightarrow\) Zn+2 +2e ║x4
S+6 +8e →S−2 ║x1
4)
8Fe+ 15H2SO4→ 4Fe2(SO4)3+3H2S+ 12H2O
2Fe0→ 2Fe+3+6e║x4
S+6 +8e →S−2 ║x3
6 ý đầu
1.\(\overset{-3}{4NH_2}+\overset{0}{5O_2}\rightarrow\overset{+2+6}{4NO}+\overset{-2}{6H_2O}\)
4 X \(||\) N-3 + 5e → N+2
5 X \(||\) 2O0 + 4e → 2O-2
2.\(\overset{-3}{4NH3}+\overset{0}{3O_2}\rightarrow\overset{0}{2N_2}+\overset{-2}{6H_2O}\)
2 X \(||\) 2N-3 + 6e → 2N0
3 X \(||\) 2O0 + 4e → 2O-2
3.\(\overset{0}{3Mg}+\overset{+5}{8NO_3}\rightarrow\overset{+2}{3Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2}+\overset{+2}{2NO}+\overset{ }{4H_2O}\)
3 X \(||\) Mg0 → Mg+2 + 2e
2 X \(||\) N+5 + 3e → N+2
4.\(\overset{0}{Al}+\overset{+5}{6NO_3}\rightarrow\overset{+3}{Al\left(NO_3\right)_3}+\overset{+4}{3NO_2}+\overset{ }{3H_2O}\)
1 X \(||\) Al0 → Al+3 + 3e
3 X \(||\) N+5 + 1e → N+4
5.\(\overset{0}{Zn}+\overset{+5}{4HNO_3}\rightarrow\overset{+3}{Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3}+\overset{+2}{NO}+\overset{ }{2H_2O}\)
1 X \(||\) Zn0 → Mg+2 + 2e
2 X \(||\) N+5 + 3e → N+4
6.\(\overset{0}{Fe}+\overset{+5}{4HNO_3}\rightarrow\overset{+3}{Fe\left(NO_3\right)_3}+\overset{+2}{NO}+\overset{ }{2H_2O}\)
1 X \(||\) Fe0 → Fe+3 + 3e
1 X \(||\) N+5 + 3e → N+2
Câu 1:
a) 4Al + 3O2 --to--> 2Al2O3
| 2Al0 -6e --> Al2+3 | x2 |
| O20 +4e--> 2O-2 | x3 |
b) 2Fe + 6H2SO4 --> Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 +6 H2O
| 2Fe0-6e-->Fe2+3 | x1 |
| S+6 +2e--> S+4 | x3 |
c) Fe3O4 + 10HNO3 --> 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO2 + 5H2O
| \(Fe_3^{+\dfrac{8}{3}}-1e->3Fe^{+3}\) | x1 |
| \(N^{+5}+1e->N^{+4}\) | x1 |
d) \(10Al+38HNO_3->10Al\left(NO_3\right)_3+2NO+3N_2O+19H_2O\)
\(\dfrac{30.n_{NO}+44.n_{N_2O}}{n_{NO}+n_{N_2O}}=19,2.2=38,4=>\dfrac{n_{NO}}{n_{N_2O}}=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
| Al0 -3e --> Al+3 | x10 |
| 38H+ + 8NO3- +30e--> 2NO + 3N2O + 19H2O | x1 |
e) \(\left(5x-2y\right)M+\left(6nx-2ny\right)HNO_3->\left(5x-2y\right)M\left(NO_3\right)_n+nN_xO_y+\left(3nx-ny\right)H_2O\)
| M0-ne--> M+n | x(5x-2y) |
| \(xN^{+5}+\left(5x-2y\right)e->N_x^{+\dfrac{2y}{x}}\) | xn |
1)
$Zn^0 \to Zn^{2+} + 2e$ x3
$N^{+5} + 3e \to N^{+2}$ x2
$3Zn + 8HNO_3 \to 3Zn(NO_3)_2 + 2NO + 4H_2O$
2)
\(Al^0 \to Al^{3+} + 3e\) x2
\(S^{+6} + 2e\to S^{+4}\) x3
$2Al + 6H_2SO_4 \to Al_2(SO_4)_3 + 3SO_2 + 6H_2O$
3)
\(Cr^{+6} + 3e \to Cr^{+3}\) x1
\(Fe^{+2} \to Fe^{+3} + 1e\) x3
$K_2Cr_2O_7 + 6FeSO_4 + 7H_2SO_4 \to 3Fe_2(SO_4)_3 + Cr_2(SO_4)_3 + K_2SO_4 + 7H_2O$
4)
\(Pb^{+4} + 2e \to Pb^{+2}\\ \) x1
\(2Cl^- \to Cl_2 + 2e\) x1
$PbO_2 + 4HCl \to PbCl_2 + Cl_2 + 2H_2O$
5)
$2KMnO_4 \xrightarrow{t^o} K_2MnO_4 + MnO_2 + O_2$
6)
\((FeCu_2S_2)^0 \to Fe^{+3} + 2Cu^{+2} + 2S^{+4} + 15e\) x4
\(O_2 + 4e \to 2O^{-2}\) x15
$4FeCu_2S_2 + 15O_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} 2Fe_2O_3 + 8CuO + 8SO_2$
a/ H+1Cl-1 ; H+12O-2 ; H+1Cl+1O-2 ; H+1Cl+5O-23 ; H+1Cl+7O-24 ; Na+1Cl-1
b/ N+2O-2 ; N+4O-22 ; N+12O-2 ; H+1N+5O-23 ; H+1N+3O-22 ;
Na+1N+5O-23 ; Fe+3(N+5O-23)3
c/ H2S ; Na2S ; SO2 ; SO3 ; H2SO4 ; K2SO4 ; Al2(SO4)3 câu này cũng làm tương tự số oxh của O là -2 , oxh của H là +1 , Al +3 , K +1 --> từ đó suy ra số oxh của S ... bạn tự làm
a) 6P + 5KClO3 --> 3P2O5 + 5KCl
| 2P0-10e-->P2+5 | x3 |
| Cl+5 +6e--> Cl- | x5 |
b) S + 2HNO3 --> H2SO4 + 2NO
| S0-6e-->S+6 | x1 |
| N+5 +3e --> N+2 | x2 |
c) 4NH3 + 5O2 --to--> 4NO + 6H2O
| N-3 -5e--> N+2 | x4 |
| O20 +4e--> 2O-2 | x5 |
d) 4NH3 + 3O2 --to--> 2N2 + 6H2O
| 2N-3 -6e--> N20 | x2 |
| O20 +4e--> 2O-2 | x3 |
e) 2H2S + O2 --to--> 2S + 2H2O
| S-2 +2e--> S0 | x2 |
| O20 +4e--> 2O-2 | x1 |
f) Fe2O3 + 3CO --> 2Fe + 3CO2
| Fe2+3 +6e--> 2Fe0 | x1 |
| C-2 +2e--> C_4 | x3 |
g) MnO2 + 4HCl --> MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O
| Mn+4 +2e--> Mn+2 | x1 |
| 2Cl- -2e--> Cl20 | x1 |
1) 3Mg + 8HNO3 → 3Mg(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O
2) 2Fe + 6H2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + 3SO2 + 6H2O
3) 4Mg + 5H2SO4 → 4MgSO4 + H2S + 4H2O
4) 8Al + 30HNO3 → 8Al(NO3)3 + 3NH4NO3 + 9H2O
5) 2FeCO3 + 4H2SO4 → Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 2CO2 + 4H2O
6) 8Fe3O4 + 74HNO3 → 24Fe(NO3)3 + N2O + 37H2O
7) 8Al + 30HNO3 → 8Al(NO3)3 + 3N2O + 15H2O
8) 10FeSO4 + 8H2SO4 + 2KMnO4 → 5Fe2(SO4)3 + 2MnSO4 + K2SO4 + 8H2O
9) 2KMnO4 + 16HCl → 2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 5Cl2 + 8H2O
10) K2Cr2O7 + 14HCl → 2KCl + 2CrCl3 + 3Cl2 + 7H2O
Đáp án đúng : B