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a) PTHH: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(2mol\) \(6mol\) \(2mol\) \(3mol\)
\(0,27\) \(x\) \(y\) \(z\)
b) ta có: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{m_{Al}}{M_{Al}}=\dfrac{7,3}{27}=0,27\left(mol\right)\)
theo PT: \(n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,27\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{AlCl_3}=n_{AlCl_3}.M_{AlCl_3}=0,27.133,5=36,045\left(g\right)\)
c) ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{m_{H_2}}{M_{H_2}}=\) \(\dfrac{0,27.3}{2}=0,405\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,405.22,4=9,072\left(l\right)\)
nH2 = VH2 : 22,4 = 3,36 : 22,4 = 0,15 mol
PTHH: 2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
Tỉ lệ: 2 3
Pứ: ? mol 0,15
Từ pthh ta có nAl = 2/3 nH2 = 2/3 . 0,15 = 0,1 mol
=> mAl = nAl . MAl = 0,1 . 27 = 2,7g
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{150.7,3\%}{36,5}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\\ a,n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{2}{6}.0,3=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\\ b,m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\\ c,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3}{6}.0,3=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,15.22,4=3,36\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{5.4}{27}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(0.2........0.6.........................0.3\)
\(m_{HCl}=0.6\cdot36.5=21.9\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=0.3\cdot22.4=6.72\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15(mol)\\ a,2Al+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,1(mol);n_{HCl}=0,3(mol)\\ b,m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7(g);m_{HCl}=0,3.36,5=10,95(g)\\ m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35(g)\\ c,n_{Al}=\dfrac{16,2}{27}=0,6(mol)\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2}=1,5n_{Al}=0,9(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,9.22,4=20,16(l)\)
a, PT: \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{H_2}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=0,6.36,5=21,9\left(g\right)\)
b, Theo PT: \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Al+6HCl->2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,2<--0,6<----------0,2<------0,3 (mol)
\(n_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=\dfrac{V}{22,4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=n\cdot M=0,6\cdot\left(1+35,5\right)=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=n\cdot M=0,2\cdot\left(27+35,5\cdot3\right)=26,7\left(g\right)\)
a, PT: 2Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H2
Ta có: nH2=6,7222,4=0,3(mol)
Theo PT: nHCl=2nH2=0,6(mol)
⇒mHCl=0,6.36,5=21,9(g)
b, Theo PT: nAl=23nH2=0,2(mol)
⇒mAl=0,2.27=5,4(g)
a) \(PTHH:2Al+6HCl\xrightarrow[]{}2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
b) \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,15.2}{3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)
c)\(n_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{0,15.2}{3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{AlCl_3}=0,1.133,5=13,35\left(g\right)\)
pứ xảy ra vừa đủ hả c ?
PTHH : \(2Al+6HCl-->2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(n_{HCl}=\frac{300\cdot7,3}{100\cdot36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh : \(\hept{\begin{cases}n_{Al}=\frac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\n_{AlCl_3}=\frac{1}{3}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{cases}}\) \(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}m_{Al}=0,2\cdot27=5,4\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=22,4\cdot0,3=6,72\left(l\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\cdot133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\end{cases}}\)
Theo ĐLBTKL : \(m_{Al}+m_{ddHCl}=m_{ddspu}+m_{H2}\)
=> \(5,4+300=m_{ddspu}+0,3\cdot2\)
=> \(m_{ddspu}=304,8\left(g\right)\)
=> \(C\%_{AlCl_3}=\frac{26,7}{304,8}\cdot100\%\approx8,76\%\)