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PTHH: \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HCl}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{H_2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\m_{FeCl_2}=0,1\cdot127=12,7\left(g\right)\\C_{M_{FeCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1\left(M\right)\\C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,1}=2\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,1 0,4
0,1 0,2
0 0,2 0,1 0,1
\(a,V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\\ b,m_{dd}=6,5+0,4.36,5+50-0,1.2=70,9\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ZnCl_2}=\dfrac{0,1.136}{70,9}.100\%=19,18\%\)
a,b, \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{6}{24}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl ---> MgCl2 + H2
0,25 0,25 0,25
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,25.95=23.75\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, PTHH: PbO + H2 --to--> Pb + H2O
LTL: \(0,3>0,25\rightarrow\) PbO dư
\(n_{PbO\left(pư\right)}=n_{Pb}=n_{H_2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{chất.rắn}=\left(0,3-0,25\right).233+217.0,25=65,9\left(g\right)\)
nMg = 6 : 24 = 0,25 (mol)
pthh : Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
0,25 0,25 0,25
=> mMgCl2 = 0,25 . 95 = 23,75 (g)
=> VH2 = 0,25 . 22,4 = 5,6 (L)
pthh : PbO + H2 -t--> Pb + H2O
LTL : \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}\) > \(\dfrac{0,25}{1}\)
=> PbO dư
theo pthh : nPb = nH2 = 0,25 (mol)
=> mPb = 0,25 . 201 = 50,25 (G)
a)
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
n H2 = n Fe = 11,2/56 = 0,2(mol)
V H2 = 0,2.22,4 = 4,48(lít)
b)
n HCl = 2n Fe = 0,2.2 = 0,4(mol)
=> CM HCl = 0,4/0,4 = 1M
c)
$CuO + H_2 \xrightarrow{t^o} Cu + H_2O$
Ta thấy :
n CuO = 64/80 = 0,8 > n H2 = 0,2 nên CuO dư
Theo PTHH :
n CuO pư = n Cu = n H2 = 0,2(mol)
n Cu dư = 0,8 - 0,2 = 0,6(mol)
Vậy :
%m Cu = 0,2.64/(0,2.64 + 0,6.80) .100% = 21,05%
%m CuO = 100% -21,05% = 78,95%
a, \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=2n_{Zn}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,15}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(M\right)\)
c, \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15(mol)\\ PTHH:Fe+H_2SO_4\to FeSO_4+H_2\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,15(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,05}=3M\\ PTHH:2H_2+O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H_2}=0,075(mol)\\ \Rightarrow V_{O_2}=0,075.22,4=1,68(l)\)