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\(P=x^2y^2+1+1+\frac{1}{x^2y^2}=x^2y^2+2+\frac{1}{256x^2y^2}+\frac{255}{256x^2y^2}\)
\(\ge x^2y^2+\frac{1}{256x^2y^2}+2+\frac{255}{256.\left[\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}\right]^2}\ge2\sqrt{x^2y^2.\frac{1}{256x^2y^2}}+2+\frac{255}{256.\frac{1}{16}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{8}+2+\frac{255}{16}=\frac{289}{16}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có : \(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\le\left(x.1+y.1+z.1\right)^2\) (bđt Bunhiacopxki)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\) hay \(1\le\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge\sqrt{3}\) (do x;y;z dương)
Áp dụng bđt AM - GM ta có :
\(\frac{xy}{z}+\frac{yz}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{z}.\frac{yz}{x}}=2y\)
\(\frac{xy}{z}+\frac{xz}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{z}.\frac{xz}{y}}=2x\)
\(\frac{yz}{x}+\frac{xz}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{yz}{x}.\frac{xz}{y}}=2z\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được :
\(2C\ge2\left(x+y+z\right)=2\sqrt{3}\Rightarrow C\ge\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Đức Hùng hình như áp dụng sai ( ngược dấu ) BĐT Bunhiacopxki rồi
\(P=1+\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{z}{y}+\dfrac{z^2}{xy}\)
vì \(x^2+y^2=z^2\Rightarrow z=\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT bunyakovsky:
\(\left(1+1\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow z=\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\ge\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(x+y\right)}{2}\)
do đó \(P\ge1+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(x+y\right)}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)+\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{xy}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy:\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)và\(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(P\ge1+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(x+y\right)}{2}.\dfrac{4}{x+y}+\dfrac{2xy}{xy}=3+2\sqrt{2}\)
dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}z}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow p=\left(xy\right)^4+1+x^4+y^4\)ap dung bat dang thuc cosi
\(\Leftrightarrow p\ge4\left(xy\right)^2vi\left(xy\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\)p nho nhat
Dự đoán dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=\(\dfrac{z}{2}\)
ta có: \(VT=3+\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{z^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{x^2}{z^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{x^2}\)
\(=3+\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y^2}{z^2}+\dfrac{x^2}{z^2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{z^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{x^2}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x^2}\ge2\)
Áp dụng BĐT bunyakovsky:\(\dfrac{y^2}{z^2}+\dfrac{x^2}{z^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{y}{z}+\dfrac{x}{z}\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{2}.\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{z^2}\)
\(\dfrac{z^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{z^2}{y^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{z}{x}+\dfrac{z}{y}\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{4z}{x+y}\right)^2=\dfrac{8z^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)(AM-GM)
do đó \(VT\ge5+\dfrac{1}{2}\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{z^2}+\dfrac{8z^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{z}{x+y}=a\)(a>0)thì \(a\ge1\)do \(z\ge x+y\)
\(VT\ge8a^2+\dfrac{1}{2a^2}+5=\dfrac{a^2}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2a^2}+\dfrac{15}{2}a^2+5\ge\dfrac{a^2}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2a^2}+\dfrac{25}{2}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(\dfrac{a^2}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2a^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2}{4a^2}}=1\)
do đó \(VT\ge1+\dfrac{25}{2}=\dfrac{27}{2}\)(đpcm)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=1 hay \(x=y=\dfrac{z}{2}\)