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Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+z\sqrt{2020-x^2}\leq \frac{x^2+(2020-y^2)}{2}+\frac{y^2+(2020-z^2)}{2}+\frac{z^2+(2020-x^2)}{2}=3030\)Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x^2=2020-y^2\\ y^2=2020-z^2\\ z^2=2020-x^2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=y=z=\sqrt{1010}\)
Khi đó:
$A=3(\sqrt{1010})^2=3030$
Từ giả thiết ta có :
\(x+y+z=xyz\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=1\)
ta có : \(Q=\frac{y+2}{x^2}+\frac{z+2}{y^2}+\frac{x+2}{z^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)}{x^2}+\frac{\left(y+1\right)+\left(z+1\right)}{y^2}+\frac{\left(z+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)}{z^2}-\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)+\left(y+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}\right)+\left(z+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{2\left(x+1\right)}{zx}+\frac{2\left(y+1\right)}{xy}+\frac{2\left(z+1\right)}{yz}-\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)+2\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+2\)
Áp dụng bđt \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi và chỉ khi a = b = c
Ta có \(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2\ge3\left(\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}\right)=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\sqrt{3}\)
Do đó : \(Q\ge\sqrt{3}+2\). Dấu " = " xảy ra
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x}=\frac{1}{y}=\frac{1}{z}\\z+y+z=xyz\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\sqrt{3}}\)
Vậy Min \(Q=\sqrt{3}+2\)khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{3}\)
Uầy đề sai đâu ta
\(A=\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(y+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{xz}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có
\(A\le\frac{y}{x+y}+\frac{z}{x+z}+\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{y}{y+z}+\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{y}{y+z}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{\frac{2020}{3}}\)
Cứ tưởng áp dụng Cô si cho 2 tổng ở mẫu thôi :) quên là còn áp dụng như này :) nhưng bạn còn sai 1 chỗ nhé
\(\sqrt{a.b}\le\frac{a}{2}+\frac{b}{2}.\) MaxA =3/2 :v
Vì xyz=1\(\Rightarrow x^2\left(y+z\right)\ge2x^2\sqrt{yz}=2x\sqrt{x}\)
Tương tự \(y^2\left(z+x\right)\ge2y\sqrt{y};z^2=\left(x+y\right)\ge2z\sqrt{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2x\sqrt{x}}{y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}}+\frac{2y\sqrt{y}}{z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}}+\frac{2z\sqrt{z}}{x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}}\)
Đặt \(x\sqrt{x}+2y\sqrt{y}=a;y\sqrt{y}+2z\sqrt{z}=b;z\sqrt{z}+2x\sqrt{x}=c\)
\(\Rightarrow x\sqrt{x}=\frac{4c+a-2b}{9};y\sqrt{y}=\frac{4a+b-2c}{9};z\sqrt{z}=\frac{4b+c-2a}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(\frac{4c+a-2b}{b}+\frac{4a+b-2c}{a}+\frac{4b+c-2a}{b}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2}{9}\text{ }\left[4\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)-6\right]\ge\frac{2}{9}\left(4.3+2-6\right)=2\)
Min P =2 khi và chỉ khi a=b=c khi va chỉ khi x=y=z=1
Bài 4: Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM, ta có: \(P=\text{}\Sigma_{cyc}a\sqrt{b^3+1}=\Sigma_{cyc}a\sqrt{\left(b+1\right)\left(b^2-b+1\right)}\le\Sigma_{cyc}a.\frac{\left(b+1\right)+\left(b^2-b+1\right)}{2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{ab^2+2a}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\right)+3\)Giả sử b là số nằm giữa a và c thì \(\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)\le0\Rightarrow b^2+ac\le ab+bc\)\(\Leftrightarrow ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\le a^2b+abc+bc^2\le a^2b+2abc+bc^2=b\left(a+c\right)^2=b\left(3-b\right)^2\)
Ta sẽ chứng minh: \(b\left(3-b\right)^2\le4\)(*)
Thật vậy: (*)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-4\right)\left(b-1\right)^2\le0\)(đúng với mọi \(b\in[0;3]\))
Từ đó suy ra \(\frac{1}{2}\left(ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\right)+3\le\frac{1}{2}.4+3=5\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = 2; b = 1; c = 0 và các hoán vị
Bài 1: Đặt \(a=xc,b=yc\left(x,y>0\right)\)thì điều kiện giả thiết trở thành \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)=4\)
Khi đó \(P=\frac{x}{y+3}+\frac{y}{x+3}+\frac{xy}{x+y}=\frac{x^2+y^2+3\left(x+y\right)}{xy+3\left(x+y\right)+9}+\frac{xy}{x+y}\)\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2+3\left(x+y\right)-2xy}{xy+3\left(x+y\right)+9}+\frac{xy}{x+y}\)
Có: \(\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)=4\Rightarrow xy=3-\left(x+y\right)\)
Đặt \(t=x+y\left(0< t< 3\right)\Rightarrow xy=3-t\le\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{4}=\frac{t^2}{4}\Rightarrow t\ge2\)(do t > 0)
Lúc đó \(P=\frac{t^2+3t-2\left(3-t\right)}{3-t+3t+9}+\frac{3-t}{t}=\frac{t}{2}+\frac{3}{t}-\frac{3}{2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{t}{2}.\frac{3}{t}}-\frac{3}{2}=\sqrt{6}-\frac{3}{2}\)với \(2\le t< 3\)
Vậy \(MinP=\sqrt{6}-\frac{3}{2}\)đạt được khi \(t=\sqrt{6}\)hay (x; y) là nghiệm của hệ \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=\sqrt{6}\\xy=3-\sqrt{6}\end{cases}}\)
Ta lại có \(P=\frac{t^2-3t+6}{2t}=\frac{\left(t-2\right)\left(t-3\right)}{2t}+1\le1\)(do \(2\le t< 3\))
Vậy \(MaxP=1\)đạt được khi t = 2 hay x = y = 1
Áp dung BĐT co- si, ta có:
\(y+z\le\sqrt{2\left(y^2+z^2\right)}\)
D đó: \(\frac{x^2}{y+z}\ge\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{2\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}\)
tương tự: \(\frac{y^2}{z+x}\ge\frac{y^2}{\sqrt{2\left(x^2+z^2\right)}},\frac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\frac{z^2}{\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow T\ge\frac{x^2}{\sqrt{2\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{y^2}{\sqrt{2\left(x^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{z^2}{\sqrt{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}\)
Đặt : \(\sqrt{x^2+y^2}=a;\sqrt{y^2+z^2}=b;\sqrt{x^2+z^2}=c\left(a,b,c>0\right)\)
Khi đó: \(T\ge\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(\frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{b}+\frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{c}+\frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow T\ge\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(\left(\frac{\left(a+c\right)^2}{2b}-b\right)+\left(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2c}-c\right)+\left(\frac{\left(b+c\right)^2}{2a}-a\right)\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(2\left(a+c\right)-3b+2\left(a+b\right)-3c+2\left(b+c\right)-3a\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow T\ge\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{1}{2}\sqrt{\frac{2017}{2}}\)
trong đề thi HSG tỉnh thanh hóa năm 2010-2011(đánh lên mạng đi,hình như là bài 5)
Đk: \(-1\le x,y,z\le1\)
Ta có: \(x\sqrt{1-y^2}\le\frac{x^2+1-y^2}{2}=\frac{x^2-y^2}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\) (bđt cosi)
CMTT: \(y\sqrt{1-z^2}\le\frac{y^2-z^2}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(z\sqrt{1-x^2}\le\frac{z^2-x^2}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\)
=> VT = \(x\sqrt{1-y^2}+y\sqrt{1-z^2}+z\sqrt{1-x^2}\le\frac{x^2-y^2}{2}+\frac{y^2-z^2}{2}+\frac{z^2-x^2}{2}+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
VP = 3/2
=> VT = VP <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2=1-y^2\\y^2=1-z^2\\z^2=1-x^2\end{cases}}\) <=> \(x^2+y^2+z^2=1-y^2+1-z^2+1-x ^2\)
<=> \(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2=3\) <=> \(x^2+y^2+z^2=\frac{3}{2}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020-y^2\ge0\\2020-z^2\ge0\\2020-x^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+z\sqrt{2020-x^2}=3030\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+2y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+2z\sqrt{2020-x^2}=6060\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2020-y^2-2x\sqrt{2020-y^2}+x^2+2020-z^2-2y\sqrt{2020-z^2}+y^2+2020-x^2-2z\sqrt{2020-x^2}+z^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2020-y^2}-x\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2020-z^2}-y\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{2020-x^2}-z\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2020-y^2}-x\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2020-z^2}-y\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{2020-x^2}-z\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2020-y^2}=x\\\sqrt{2020-z^2}=y\\\sqrt{2020-x^2}=z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020-y^2=x^2\\2020-z^2=y^2\\2020-x^2=z^2\end{matrix}\right.\)(vì \(x,y,z>0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2020=x^2+y^2\\2020=y^2+z^2\\2020=z^2+x^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=3.2020\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=3.1010=3030\)
\(\Rightarrow A=x^2+y^2+z^2=3030\)
Vậy \(A=3030\)
hay wa 😍