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Áp dụng Bđt \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)ta có:
\(P\ge\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{9}{ab+bc+ca}\)
Lại có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}\)
\(\ge\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=9\)
Mặt khác \(ab+bc+ca\le\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{ab+bc+ca}\ge3\)\(\Rightarrow P_{Min}=30\)
Dấu = khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(VT=\frac{3a}{1+b^2}+\frac{3b}{1+c^2}+\frac{3c}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}+\frac{1}{1+a^2}\)
Ta tách VT=A+B và xét
\(A=\frac{3a}{1+b^2}+\frac{3b}{1+c^2}+\frac{3c}{1+a^2}=\text{∑}\left(3a-\frac{3ab^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge\text{∑}\left(3a-\frac{3ab}{2}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{1+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}+\frac{1}{1+a^2}=\text{∑}\left(1-\frac{b^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge\text{∑}\left(1-\frac{b}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=A+B=3+\frac{5}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{2}\text{∑}ab=\frac{5}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{15}{2}-\frac{3}{2}=6\)
(Do \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=3\))
Dấu = khi a=b=c=1
\(VT=\frac{3a}{1+b^2}+\frac{3b}{1+c^2}+\frac{3c}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}+\frac{1}{1+a^2}\)
Ta tách VT = A + b và xét :
\(A=\frac{3a}{1+b^2}+\frac{3b}{1+c^2}+\frac{3c}{1+a^2}=\Sigma\left(3a-\frac{3ab^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge\Sigma\left(3a-\frac{3ab}{2}\right)\)\(B=\frac{1}{1+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}+\frac{1}{1+a^2}=\Sigma\left(1-\frac{b^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge\Sigma\left(1-\frac{b}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=A+B=3+\frac{5}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{2}\Sigma ab=\frac{5}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{15}{2}-\frac{3}{2}=6\)( Do \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=3}\))
Dấu = khi a = b = c = 1 .
a2(b+c)2+5bc+b2(a+c)2+5ac≥4a29(b+c)2+4b29(a+c)2=49(a2(1−a)2+b2(1−b)2)(vì a+b+c=1)
a2(1−a)2−9a−24=(2−x)(3x−1)24(1−a)2≥0(vì )<a<1)
⇒a2(1−a)2≥9a−24
tương tự: b2(1−b)2≥9b−24
⇒P⩾49(9a−24+9b−24)−3(a+b)24=(a+b)−94−3(a+b)24.
đặt t=a+b(0<t<1)⇒P≥F(t)=−3t24+t−94(∗)
Xét hàm (∗) được: MinF(t)=F(23)=−19
⇒MinP=MinF(t)=−19.dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=13
2) \(S=a+\frac{1}{a}=\frac{15a}{16}+\left(\frac{a}{16}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(S\ge\frac{15a}{16}+2.\sqrt{\frac{a}{16}.\frac{1}{a}}=\frac{15.4}{16}+2.\sqrt{\frac{1}{16}}=\frac{15}{4}+2.\frac{1}{4}=\frac{15}{4}+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{15}{4}+\frac{2}{4}=\frac{17}{4}\)
\(S=\frac{17}{4}\Leftrightarrow a=4\)
Vậy \(S_{min}=\frac{17}{4}\Leftrightarrow a=4\)
kudo shinichi sao cách làm giống của thầy Hồng Trí Quang vậy bạn?
\(S=a+\frac{1}{a}=\frac{15}{16}a+\left(\frac{a}{16}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\ge\frac{15}{16}a+2\sqrt{\frac{1.a}{16.a}}=\frac{15}{16}a+2.\frac{1}{4}\)
\(=\frac{15}{16}.4+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{17}{4}\Leftrightarrow a=4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = 4
Vậy \(S_{min}=\frac{17}{4}\Leftrightarrow a=4\)
Gọi \(S=\frac{b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{c^3}{b^2+ab+c^2}+\frac{a^3}{c^2+ab+a^2}\)
Dễ thấy \(P-S=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2P=\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}+\frac{b^3+c^3}{b^2+ab+c^2}+\frac{c^3+a^3}{c^2+ab+a^2}\)
Ta chứng minh:
\(\frac{a^3+b^3}{a^2+ab+b^2}\ge\frac{a+b}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
\(\Rightarrow2P\ge\frac{a+b}{3}+\frac{b+c}{3}+\frac{c+a}{3}=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}=2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge1\)