\(a,b,c\) thay đổi luôn thỏa mãn: \(a+b+c=1\)<...">
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1 tháng 4 2017

Thôi đang rảnh, giúp bạn bài này luôn vậy!!

Giải:

Ta có:

\(VT=\left(\dfrac{a}{b+c}+\dfrac{b}{c+a}+\dfrac{c}{a+b}\right)+\left(\dfrac{b^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{a^2}{a+b}\right)=A+B\)

\(A+3=\dfrac{1}{2}\left[\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\right]\left[\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right]\)

\(\ge\dfrac{1}{2}3\sqrt[3]{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{a+b}\dfrac{1}{b+c}\dfrac{1}{c+a}}=\dfrac{9}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(1^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\le\left(\dfrac{a^2}{a+b}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+a}\right)\left(a+b+b+c+c+a\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1\le B.2\Leftrightarrow B\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Từ đó ta có: \(VT\ge\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=2=VP\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

1 tháng 4 2017

\(\dfrac{a+b^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+c^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c+a^2}{a+b}\ge2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a\left(a+b+c\right)+b^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b\left(a+b+c\right)+c^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c\left(a+b+c\right)+a^2}{a+b}\ge2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+ab+ac+b^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{ab+b^2+bc+c^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{ca+bc+c^2+a^2}{a+b}\ge2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2+a\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2+c^2+b\left(c+a\right)}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2+a^2+c\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}\ge2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{a+b}+1\ge2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2+c^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2+a^2}{a+b}\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}}{b+c}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(b^2+c^2\right)^2}}{c+a}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(c^2+a^2\right)^2}}{a+b}\ge1\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz dạng phân thức

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}}{b+c}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(b^2+c^2\right)^2}}{c+a}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(c^2+a^2\right)^2}}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}}{b+c}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(b^2+c^2\right)^2}}{c+a}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(c^2+a^2\right)^2}}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\right)^2}{2}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Mincopski

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\ge\sqrt{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\sqrt{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\right)^2\ge2\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{b^2+c^2}+\sqrt{c^2+a^2}\right)^2}{2}\ge1\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}}{b+c}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(b^2+c^2\right)^2}}{c+a}+\dfrac{\sqrt{\left(c^2+a^2\right)^2}}{a+b}\ge1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b+c^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c+a^2}{a+b}\ge2\) ( đpcm )

Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Y
23 tháng 5 2019

+ \(2a+b+c=\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)\)

\(\ge2\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\) ( theo AM-GM )

\(\Rightarrow\left(2a+b+c\right)^2\ge4\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\left(2a+b+c\right)^2}\le\frac{1}{4\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=c\)

+ Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{\left(2b+c+a\right)^2}\le\frac{1}{4\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = c

\(\frac{1}{\left(2c+a+b\right)^2}\le\frac{1}{4\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)

Do đó : \(P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{a+b+c}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)

\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge2\sqrt{ab}\cdot2\sqrt{bc}\cdot2\sqrt{ca}\)\(=8abc\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{a+b+c}{16abc}\)

+ \(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{2}{ab}\). Dấu :=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)

\(\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge\frac{2}{bc}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> b = c

\(\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{1}{a^2}\ge\frac{2}{ca}\). Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> c = a

\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow3\ge\frac{a+b+c}{abc}\) \(\Rightarrow a+b+c\le3abc\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{3abc}{16abc}=\frac{3}{16}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)

5 tháng 12 2018

Câu 3. Dự đoán dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Dùng phương pháp chọn điểm rơi thôi :)

                             LG

Áp dụng bđt Cô-si được \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)

                                  \(\Rightarrow1\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)

                                  \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{3}\ge\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\)

                                 \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{27}\ge a^2b^2c^2\)

                                 \(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{27}}\ge abc\)

Khi đó :\(B=a+b+c+\frac{1}{abc}\)

   \(=a+b+c+\frac{1}{9abc}+\frac{8}{9abc}\)

\(\ge4\sqrt[4]{abc.\frac{1}{9abc}}+\frac{8}{9.\frac{1}{\sqrt{27}}}\)

 \(=4\sqrt[4]{\frac{1}{9}}+\frac{8\sqrt{27}}{9}=\frac{4}{\sqrt[4]{9}}+\frac{8}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{3}}+\frac{8}{\sqrt{3}}=\frac{12}{\sqrt{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\)

Dấu "=" \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)

Vậy .........

4 tháng 12 2018

2, \(A=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)

\(A=\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\)

\(A=\left[\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{\left(b+c\right)}{4}\right]+\left[\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{\left(a+c\right)}{4}\right]+\left[\frac{c^2}{a+b}+\frac{\left(a+b\right)}{4}\right]-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(A\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{4}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{4}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{c^2}{4}}-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}\)

\(A\ge a+b+c-\frac{6}{2}\)

\(A\ge6-3\)

\(A\ge3\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\frac{a^2}{b+c}=\frac{b+c}{4}\Leftrightarrow4a^2=\left(b+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2a=b+c\)(1)

                                 \(\frac{b^2}{a+c}=\frac{a+c}{4}\Leftrightarrow4b^2=\left(a+c\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2b=a+c\)(2)

                                 \(\frac{c^2}{a+b}=\frac{a+b}{4}\Leftrightarrow4c^2=\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow2c=a+b\)(3)

Lấy \(\left(1\right)-\left(3\right)\)ta có:

\(2a-2c=c+b-a-b=c-a\)

\(\Rightarrow2a-2c-c+a=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3.\left(a-c\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a-c=0\Leftrightarrow a=c\)

Chứng minh tương tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}b=c\\a=b\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=2\)

Vậy \(A_{min}=3\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)

26 tháng 5 2017

cái chứng minh phải nhỏ hơn 1 chứ bạn ơi

22 tháng 3 2021

1) Áp dụng bất đẳng Bunyakovsky dạng cộng mẫu ta có:

\(\frac{a^5}{bc}+\frac{b^5}{ca}+\frac{c^5}{ab}=\frac{a^6}{abc}+\frac{b^6}{abc}+\frac{c^6}{abc}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{3abc}\)

\(=\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{3abc}\ge\frac{3abc\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)}{3abc}=a^3+b^3+c^3\)

(Cauchy 3 số) Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c

22 tháng 3 2021

2) Áp dụng kết quả phần 1 ta có:

\(\frac{a^5}{bc}+\frac{b^5}{ca}+\frac{c^5}{ab}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{3abc}\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^2+c^3\right)^2}{3\cdot\frac{1}{3}}=\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{3}}\)

7 tháng 3 2017

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{a+\sqrt[3]{bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+\sqrt[3]{ca}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{a+\sqrt[3]{bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+\sqrt[3]{ca}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{9}{3+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\)

Chứng minh rằng \(\dfrac{9}{3+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow18\ge3\left(3+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow18\ge9+3\sqrt[3]{bc}+3\sqrt[3]{ca}+3\sqrt[3]{ab}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow9\ge3\sqrt[3]{ab}+3\sqrt[3]{bc}+3\sqrt[3]{ca}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 3 bộ số thực không âm

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{ab}\\b+c+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{bc}\\c+a+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{ca}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(a+b+c\right)+3\ge3\sqrt[3]{ab}+3\sqrt[3]{bc}+3\sqrt[3]{ca}\)

\(\Rightarrow9\ge3\sqrt[3]{ab}+3\sqrt[3]{bc}+3\sqrt[3]{ca}\) ( đpcm )

\(\dfrac{9}{3+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\dfrac{a^2}{a+\sqrt[3]{bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+\sqrt[3]{ca}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{9}{3+\sqrt[3]{bc}+\sqrt[3]{ca}+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{a+\sqrt[3]{bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b+\sqrt[3]{ca}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c+\sqrt[3]{ab}}\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\)( đpcm )

8 tháng 3 2017

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM và Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:

\(\sum\frac{a^2}{a+\sqrt[3]{bc}}\geq\sum\frac{a^2}{a+\frac{b+c+1}{3}}=\sum\frac{9a^2}{3(3a+b+c)+a+b+c}\)

\(=\sum\frac{9a^2}{10a+4b+4c}\geq\frac{9(a+b+c)^2}{(10a+4b+4c)}=\frac{9(a+b+c)^2}{18(a+b+c)}=\frac{3}{2}\)

5 tháng 12 2018

giải tạm 1 bài z -,-

2) Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel :

\(A=\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{a+c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}=\dfrac{6}{2}=3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=2\)

Chúc bạn học tốt ~

8 tháng 9 2019

4/ Ta có: \(6=a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\ge3\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}+\sqrt[3]{abc}\right)\)

Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{abc}=t\Rightarrow t^2+t\le2\Rightarrow t\le1\Rightarrow t^3=C=abc\le1\)

Vậy...

5/ \(D\le\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^3.\left[\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{3}\right]^3=\frac{512}{729}\)

Vậy ...

P/s: Em không chắc

AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
29 tháng 3 2018

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(2a+b+c=(a+b)+(a+c)\geq 2\sqrt{(a+b)(a+c)}\)

\(\Rightarrow (2a+b+c)^2\geq 4(a+b)(a+c)\)

\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{(2a+b+c)^2}\leq \frac{1}{4(a+b)(a+c)}\)

Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại suy ra:

\(P\leq \frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{(a+b)(a+c)}+\frac{1}{(b+c)(b+a)}+\frac{1}{(c+a)(c+b)}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\leq \frac{1}{4}.\frac{(b+c)+(c+a)+(a+b)}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\leq \frac{a+b+c}{2(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)

Lại có: \((a+b)(b+c)(c+a)\geq 2\sqrt{ab}.2\sqrt{bc}.2\sqrt{ac}=8abc\) (theo AM-GM)

\(\Rightarrow P\leq \frac{a+b+c}{2.8abc}=\frac{a+b+c}{16abc}(1)\)

Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

\(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\geq \frac{2}{ab}; \frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\geq \frac{2}{bc}; \frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{1}{a^2}\geq \frac{2}{ac}\)

\(\Rightarrow 2\left(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\right)\geq 2\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ac}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow 3\geq \frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=\frac{a+b+c}{abc}\)

\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\leq 3abc(2)\)

Từ \((1); (2)\Rightarrow P\leq \frac{3abc}{16abc}=\frac{3}{16}\)

Vậy \(P_{\max}=\frac{3}{16}\). Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)