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Câu 1:
\(1,CO_2+Ca(OH)_2\to CaCO_3\downarrow+H_2O\\ 2,Na+H_2O\to NaOH+\dfrac{1}{2}H_2\\ 4,Al_2O_3+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2O\\ 5,4P+5O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\\ 6,FeO+2HCl\to FeCl_2+H_2O\\ 7,Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\to Fe_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2O\\ 8,2NaOH+H_2SO_4\to Na_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ 9,3Ca(OH)_2+2FeCl_3\to 2Fe(OH)_3\downarrow+3CaCl_2\\ 10,Fe(OH)_3+3HCl\to FeCl_3+3H_2O\\ 11,N_2O_5+H_2O\to 2HNO_3\\ 12,Al_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\to Al_2(SO_4)_3+3H_2O\)
Câu 2:
\(1,CaO+CO_2\to CaCO_3\\ 1:1:1\\ 2,Al_2O_3+6HCl\to 2AlCl_3+3H_2O\\ 1:6:2:3\\ 3,3KOH+AlCl_3\to 3KCl+Al(OH)_3\downarrow\\ 3:1:3:1\\ 4,Mg+2HCl\to MgCl_2+H_2\\ 1:2:1:1\)
Câu 1 :
Trong $P_2O_5 : \%O = \dfrac{16.5}{31.2 + 16.5}.100\% = 56,34\%$
Trong $CaO : \%O = \dfrac{16}{40+16} .100\% = 28,57\%$
Trong $CO : \%O = \dfrac{16}{12 + 16}.100\% = 57,14\%$
Trong $Na_2O : \%O = \dfrac{16}{23.2 + 16}.100\% = 25,81\%$
Câu 2:
nH2=0,15(mol)
nFe2O3=0,1(mol)
PTHH: 3 H2 + Fe2O3 -to-> 2 Fe + 3 H2O
Ta có: 0,15/3 < 0,1/1
=> Fe2O3 dư, H2 hết, tính theo nFe2O3
nFe=2/3. nH2= 2/3. 0,15=0,1(mol) -> mFe=0,1.56=5,6(g)
nFe2O3(dư)= 0,1 - 1/3 . 0,15=0,05(g) -> mFe2O3=0,05.160=8(g)
1. \(4:3:2\)
2. \(4:1:2\)
3. \(2:1:3\)
4. \(1:6:2:3\)
5. \(2:6:2:3\)
6. \(1:2:1:1\)
7. \(1:3:1:3\)
8. \(1:2:2:1\)
9. \(3:2:3:2\)
10. \(1:1:2:1\)
Oxit axit :
SO3 : Lưu huỳnh tri oxit
P2O5 : Đi photpho penta oxit
CO2 : Cacbon đi oxit
N2O5 : Đi nitơ penta oxit
Oxit ba zơ
ZnO : Kẽm oxit
Fe2O3 : Sắt ( III) oxit
CuO : Đồng (II) oxit
CaO : Canxi oxit
Na2O : Natri oxit
MgO : Magie oxit
`2Na + 2H_2 O -> 2NaOH + H_2`
`0,25` `0,25` `0,125` `(mol)`
`a)V_[H_2]=0,125.22,4=2,8(l)`
`b)m_[NaOH]=0,25.40=10(g)`
Phương trình: `2Na+2H_2O -> 2NaOH + H_2` $\uparrow$
`=>n_(H_2) = 0,25 : 2 = 0,125`.
`a, V_(H_2) = 0,125 xx 22,4 = 2,8l`.
`b, m_(NaOH) = 0,25 xx 40 = 10g`.
a) PTHH: CuO + H2O -> Cu(OH)2
b) nCuO=16:80=0,2(mol)
nH2O=33,6:22,4=1,5(mol)
mà theo pt ta có: nCuO=nH2O -> H2O dư nên tính số mol các chất theo số mol của CuO
Theo pt ta có: nCu(OH)2=nCuo=0,2(mol)
-> mCu(OH)2=0,2.99=19,8(g)
8.
\(a)\)
\(CuO(0,2)+H_2(0,2)-t^o->Cu(0,2)+H_2O(0,2)\)
\(b)\)
\(nCuO=\dfrac{16}{80}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(nH_2\left(đktc\right)=1,5\left(mol\right)\)
=> H2 dư sau phản ứng, chon nCuO để tính.
Các chất sau phản ứng: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Cu:0,2\left(mol\right)\\H_2O:0,2\left(mol\right)\\H_2\left(dư\right):1,5-0,2=1,3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow mCu=12,8\left(g\right)\)
\(mH_2O=3,6\left(g\right)\)
\(mH_2 (dư)=2,6(g)\)
\(c)\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O(1,3)--->2NaOH(2,6)\)
\(nNaOH\left(lt\right)=2,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow mNaOH\left(lt\right)=104\left(g\right)\)
\(H=\dfrac{4}{104}.100\%=3,85\%\)
1. Pư hóa hợp
\(4K+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2K_2O\)
\(4Na+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Na_2O\)
\(4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)
\(3Fe+2O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe_3O_4\)
2. Pư hóa hợp
\(S+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}SO_2\)
\(C+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\)
\(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
3. Pư hóa hợp
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(K_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2KOH\)
\(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)
\(BaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2\)
4. Pư hóa hợp
\(CO_2+H_2O⇌H_2CO_3\)
\(SO_2+H_2O⇌H_2SO_3\)
\(P_2O_5+3H_2O\rightarrow2H_3PO_4\)
\(SO_3+H_2O\rightarrow H_2SO_4\)
5. Pư phân hủy.
\(2KMnO_4\underrightarrow{t^o}K_2MnO_4+MnO_2+O_2\)
\(2KClO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\)
\(2KNO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}2KNO_2+O_2\)
\(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}CaO+CO_2\)
6. Pư thế
\(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
\(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
\(FeO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Fe+H_2O\)
7. Pư thế
\(2K+2HCl\rightarrow2KCl+H_2\)
\(2K+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+H_2\)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
\(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
NaCO3 + 2HCl ->2NaCl+ CO2 +H2O
nNaCO3=200:106 =1,88 mol
theo pthh nCO2=nNaCO3 =1,88 mol
=>mCO2=1,88.44= 82,72 g
mdd sau pu =200+120-82,72 =237,28 g
mNaCl=237,28.20:100=47,456g
nNaCl=47,456:58,5=0,81 mol
theo pthh nHCl =nNaCl=0,81 mol
nNaCO3=1/2n NaCl =0,405 mol
C%NaCO3=[0,405.83]:200.100=16,8075 %
C%HCl=[0,81.36,5]:120.100=0,29 %
nNa=4,6/23=0,2(mol)
PT:2Na+2H2O->2NaOH+H2
Theo Pt: nH2= 1/2n Na =1/2.0,2=0,1 (mol)
a,=>VH2=0,1.22,4=2,24(l)
b,nH2=3,36/22,4=0,15 (mol)
pt:2H2+O2->2H2O
Theo Pt: n H2O =nH2 =0,15
b,->m H2O =0,15.18=2,7 (g)
a, \(4P+5O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2P_2O_5\)
b, \(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
a,4P+5O2--->2P2O5
b,Na2O+H2O --->2NaOH