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\(M=\frac{1}{5}+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^3+...+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{49}+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{50}\)
\(5M=1+\frac{1}{5}+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+...+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{48}+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{49}\)
5M - M = \(1-\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{50}\)hay 4M = \(1-\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{50}\)< 1
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1-\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{50}}{4}< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(M=\frac{1}{5}+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^2+...+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{50}\)(1)
\(\Rightarrow5M=1+\frac{1}{5}+...+\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{49}\)(2)
Lấy (2)-(1) ta có
\(\Rightarrow4M=1-\left(\frac{1}{5}\right)^{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1-\frac{1}{5^{50}}}{4}\)
Do \(1-\frac{1}{5^{50}}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(A=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{49}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(A=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{50}\right)-2.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(A=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{49}+\frac{1}{50}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{25}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+\frac{1}{28}+...+\frac{1}{50}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+...+\frac{1}{30}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{31}+\frac{1}{32}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{41}+\frac{1}{42}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(A< \left(\frac{1}{25}+\frac{1}{25}+...+\frac{1}{25}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{30}+\frac{1}{30}+...+\frac{1}{30}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{40}+\frac{1}{40}+...+\frac{1}{40}\right)\)
5 phân số 1/25 10 phân số 1/30 10 phân số 1/40
\(A< 5.\frac{1}{25}+10.\frac{1}{30}+10.\frac{1}{40}\)
\(A< \frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}\)
\(A< \frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}\)
\(A< \frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}\)
\(A< \frac{5}{6}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(=\frac{5}{6}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(=\frac{5}{6}+\left(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{6}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{48}\right)-\frac{1}{50}\)
\(\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{4}< 0\)
\(\frac{1}{7}-\frac{1}{6}< 0\)
\(...\)
\(\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{48}< 0\)
\(\frac{5}{6}\) khi cộng với các số nhỏ hơn 0 thì giá trị nó sẽ giảm, đồng thời còn bớt đi \(\frac{1}{50}\)
Do đó \(A< \frac{5}{6}\)
\(A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{49}-\frac{1}{50}=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{49}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right).\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{50}-2.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)\right)\)\(=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{50}-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{25}\right)=\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+...+\frac{1}{50}\)
\(A=\left(\frac{1}{26}+\frac{1}{27}+...+\frac{1}{35}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{36}+...+\frac{1}{50}\right)>\frac{1}{35}.10+\frac{1}{50}.15=\frac{41}{70}>\frac{7}{12}\)
\(A< \frac{10}{26}+\frac{15}{36}< \frac{5}{6}\) Vậy ....
=>5M=1+1/5+1/5^2+...+1/5^48+1/5^49
=>5M-M=(1+1/5+1/5^2+..+1/5^48+1/5^49)-(1/5+1/5^2+1/5^3+...+1/5^49+1/5^50)
=>4M=1-1/5^50
=>M=(1-1/5^50)/4
mà 1-1/5^50<1
=>M<1/4(đpcm)
tich nha ban