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a)
\(3S=3^2+3^3+...+3^{81}\)
\(3S-S=\left(3^2+3^3+...+3^{81}\right)-\left(3+3^2+...+3^{80}\right)\)
\(2S=3^{81}-3\)
\(S=\dfrac{3^{81}-3}{2}\)
b) sai đề?
c)
\(S=\left(3^1+3^2+...+3^4\right)+\left(3^5+3^6+...+3^8\right)+...+\left(3^{77}+3^{78}+3^{79}+3^{80}\right)\)
\(S=3^1\left(1+3+9+27\right)+3^5\left(1+3+9+27\right)+...+3^{77}\left(1+3+9+27\right)\)
\(S=\left(3^1+3^5+...+3^{77}\right)\cdot40\)
Do đó S chia hết cho 40
a) S = 3¹ + 3² + 3³ + ... + 3⁷⁹ + 3⁸⁰
⇒ 3S = 3² + 3³ + 3⁴ + ... + 3⁸⁰ + 3⁸¹
⇒ 2S = 3S - S
= (3² + 3³ + 3⁴ + ... + 3⁸⁰ + 3⁸¹) - (3¹ + 3² + 3³ + ... + 3⁷⁹ + 3⁸⁰)
= 3⁸¹ - 3
⇒ S = (3⁸¹ - 3)/2
b) S = 3¹ + 3² + 3³ + ... + 3⁷⁹ + 3⁸⁰
= (3 + 3² + 3³ + 3⁴ + 3⁵) + (3⁶ + 3⁷ + 3⁸ + 3⁹ + 3¹⁰) + ... + 3⁷⁶ + 3⁷⁷ + 3⁷⁸ + 3⁷⁹ + 3⁸⁰)
= 3(1 + 3 + 3² + 3³ + 3⁴) + 3⁶(1 + 3 + 3² + 3³ + 3⁴) + ... + 3⁷⁶(1 + 3 + 3² + 3³ + 3⁴)
= 3.121 + 3⁶.121 + ... + 3⁷⁶.121
= 121.(3 + 3⁶ + ... + 3⁷⁶)
= 11.11(3 + 3⁶ + ... + 3⁷⁶) ⋮ 11
Vậy S ⋮ 11
c) S = 3¹ + 3² + 3³ + ... + 3⁷⁹ + 3⁸⁰
= (3 + 3² + 3³ + 3⁴) + (3⁵ + 3⁶ + 3⁷ + 3⁸) + ... + (3⁷⁷ + 3⁷⁸ + 3⁷⁹ + 3⁸⁰)
= 3(1 + 3 + 3² + 3³) + 3⁵(1 + 3 + 3² + 3³) + ... + 3⁷⁷(1 + 3 + 3² + 3³)
= 3.40 + 3⁵.40 + ... + 3⁷⁷.40
= 40(3 + 3⁵ + ... + 3⁷⁷) ⋮ 40
Vậy S ⋮ 40
\(A=\left(3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+\left(3^{58}+3^{59}+3^{60}\right)\\ A=3\left(1+3+3^2\right)+...+3^{58}\left(1+3+3^2\right)\\ A=\left(1+3+3^2\right)\left(3+...+3^{58}\right)\\ A=13\left(3+...+3^{58}\right)⋮13\)
\(M=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{17}+2^{18}+2^{19}+2^{20}\right)\\ M=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+...+2^{16}\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\\ M=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\left(1+...+2^{16}\right)\\ M=30\left(1+...+2^{16}\right)⋮5\)
6x + 11y chia hết cho 31
=> 6x + 11y + 31y chia hết cho 31 vì 31y chia hết cho 31
=> 6x + 42y chia hết cho 31
=> 6(x + 7y) chia hết cho 31
=> x + 7y chia hết cho 31 vì 6 và 31 là hai số nguyên tố cùng nhau
=> đpcm
\(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{60}\\ =\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)=\left(3^5+3^6+3^7+3^8\right)+...+\left(3^{57}+3^{58}+3^{59}+3^{60}\right)\\ =3\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^5\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{57}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\\ =3.40+3^5.40+...+3^{57}.40\\ =\left(3+3^5+...+3^{57}\right).40⋮5\left(Vì:40⋮5\right)\)
\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{60}\)
\(A=3\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{57}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(A=3.40+...+3^{57}.40\)
\(A=40\left(3+3^5...+3^{57}\right)\)
mà \(40⋮5\)
\(\Rightarrow A⋮5\left(dpcm\right)\)
a) \(A=7^{13}+7^{14}+7^{15}+7^{16}+...+7^{100}\)
\(A=\left(7^{13}+7^{14}\right)+\left(7^{15}+7^{16}\right)+...+\left(7^{99}+7^{100}\right)\)
\(A=7^{13}\left(1+7\right)+7^{15}\left(1+7\right)+...+7^{99}\left(1+7\right)\)
\(A=7^{13}.8+7^{15}.8+...+7^{99}.8\)
\(A=8.\left(7^{13}+7^{15}+...+7^{99}\right)\)
⇒ \(A⋮8\)
Vậy A chia hết cho 8 (đpcm)
a) A = 7¹³ + 7¹⁴ + 7¹⁵ + 7¹⁶ + ... + 7⁹⁹ + 7¹⁰⁰
= (7¹³ + 7¹⁴) + (7¹⁵ + 7¹⁶) + ... + (7⁹⁹ + 7¹⁰⁰)
= 7¹³.(1 + 7) + 7¹⁵.(1 + 7) + ... + 7⁹⁹.(1 + 7)
= 7¹³.8 + 7¹⁵.8 + ... + 7⁹⁹.8
= 8.(7¹³ + 7¹⁵ + ... + 7⁹⁹) ⋮ 8
Vậy A ⋮ 8
b) B = 2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴ + ... + 2²⁰⁰
= 2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴ + 2⁵ + 2⁶ + 2⁷ + 2⁸ + ... + 2¹⁹⁷ + 2¹⁹⁸ + 2¹⁹⁹ + 2²⁰⁰
= (2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + (2⁵ + 2⁶ + 2⁷ + 2⁸) + ... + (2¹⁹⁷ + 2¹⁹⁸ + 2¹⁹⁹ + 2²⁰⁰)
= 30 + 2⁴.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴) + 2¹⁹⁶.(2 + 2² + 2³ + 2⁴)
= 30 + 2⁴.30 + ... + 2¹⁹⁶.30
= 30.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2⁹⁶)
= 5.6.(1 + 2⁴ + ... + 2¹⁹⁶) ⋮ 5
Vậy B ⋮ 5
a) x4+x3+2x2+x+1=(x4+x3+x2)+(x2+x+1)=x2(x2+x+1)+(x2+x+1)=(x2+x+1)(x2+1)
b)a3+b3+c3-3abc=a3+3ab(a+b)+b3+c3 -(3ab(a+b)+3abc)=(a+b)3+c3-3ab(a+b+c)
=(a+b+c)((a+b)2-(a+b)c+c2)-3ab(a+b+c)=(a+b+c)(a2+2ab+b2-ac-ab+c2-3ab)=(a+b+c)(a2+b2+c2-ab-ac-bc)
c)Đặt x-y=a;y-z=b;z-x=c
a+b+c=x-y-z+z-x=o
đưa về như bài b
d)nhóm 2 hạng tử đầu lại và 2hangj tử sau lại để 2 hạng tử sau ở trong ngoặc sau đó áp dụng hằng đẳng thức dề tính sau đó dặt nhân tử chung
e)x2(y-z)+y2(z-x)+z2(x-y)=x2(y-z)-y2((y-z)+(x-y))+z2(x-y)
=x2(y-z)-y2(y-z)-y2(x-y)+z2(x-y)=(y-z)(x2-y2)-(x-y)(y2-z2)=(y-z)(x2-2y2+xy+xz+yz)
\(A=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{60}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(3+3^2+3^3+3^4\right)+\left(3^5+3^6+3^7+3^8\right)+...+\left(3^{57}+3^{58}+3^{59}+3^{60}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=3\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+3^5\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)+...+3^{57}\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(3+3^5+...+3^{57}\right)\left(1+3+3^2+3^3\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=40\left(3+3^5+...+3^{57}\right)⋮40\)
A=3+32+33+...+360
A=3+32+33+...+360⇒A=(3+32+33+34)+(35+36+37+38)+...+(357+358+359+360)⇒A=(3+32+33+34)+(35+36+37+38)+...+(357+358+359+360)
⇒A=3(1+3+32+33)+35(1