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a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + 2HCl → FeCl2 + H2
Mol: 0,1 0,2 0,1
b,\(m_{Fe}=0,1.56=5,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{5,6.100\%}{12}=46,67\%;\%m_{Cu}=100-46,67=53,33\%\)
c,\(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{7,3.100}{14,6}=50\left(g\right)\)
\(a)n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15mol\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)
0,1 0,3 0,1 0,15
\(\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{10,7}\cdot100\%=25,23\%\\ \%m_{MgO}=100\%-25,23\%=76,75\%\\ b)n_{MgO}=\dfrac{10,7-0,1.27}{40}=0,2mol\\ MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)
0,2 0,4
\(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,4+0,3}{0,5}=1,4l\)
mHCl= 3,65%.400= 14,6(g) => nHCl=14,6/36,5=0,4(mol)
a) PTHH: Mg +2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2
0,2__________0,4_____0,2____0,2(mol)
V(H2,đktc)=0,2.22,4=4,48(l)
b)mMg=0,2.24=4,8(g)
c) mMgCl2= 0,2.95=19(g)
mddMgCl2= 400+4,8 - 0,2.2= 404,4(g)
=> C%ddMgCl2= (19/404,4).100=4,698%
\(a,PTHH:Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=\dfrac{22,4}{56}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ b,n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\\ c,m_{FeCl_2}=127.0,4=50,8\left(g\right)\)
2Al + 6HCl → 2AlCl3 + 3H2
2 6 2 3
0,3 0,9 0,3 0,45
a). nAl= \(\dfrac{8,1}{27}\)=0,3(mol)
⇒ nHCl= \(\dfrac{0,3.3}{6}\)= 0,9(mol).
⇒ mHCl=n.M= 0,9 . 36.5 =32,85(g).
b). nAlCl3= \(\dfrac{0,9.2}{6}\)= 0,3(mol).
⇒mAlCl3= n.M = 0,3 . 133,5 =40,05(g).
c). nH2= \(\dfrac{0,3.3}{2}\)= 0,45(mol).
⇒VH2= n . 22,4 = 0,45 . 22,4= 10,08(g).
\(n_{Al}=a\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=b\left(mol\right)\)
\(m=27a+56b=19.3\left(g\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(n_{H^+}=0.2\cdot2+0.2\cdot2.25\cdot2=1.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(2Al+6H^+\rightarrow2Al^{3+}+3H_2\)
\(Fe+2H^+\rightarrow Fe^{2+}+H_2\)
\(n_{H^+}=3a+2b=1.3\left(mol\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\left(1\right),\left(2\right):a=0.3,b=0.2\)
\(\%Al=\dfrac{0.3\cdot27}{19.3}\cdot100\%=41.96\%\)
\(\%Fe=58.04\%\)
\(b.\)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{H^+}=0.65\left(mol\right)\)
Bảo toàn khối lượng :
\(m_{Muối}=19.3+0.4\cdot36.5+0.45\cdot98-0.65\cdot2=76.7\left(g\right)\)
a)
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$FeO + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2O$
b)
Theo PTHH : $n_{Fe} = n_{H_2} = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15(mol)$
$m_{Fe} = 0,15.56 = 8,4(gam)$
$m_{FeO} = 12 - 8,4 = 3,6(gam)$
$n_{FeO} =0,05(mol)$
Theo PTHH : $n_{HCl} = 2n_{Fe} + 2n_{FeO} = 0,4(mol)$
$V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,4}{2} = 0,2(lít)$
c) $Fe + CuSO_4 \to FeSO_4 + Cu$
$n_{Cu} = n_{Fe} = 0,15(mol) \Rightarrow m_{chất\ rắn} = m_{FeO} + m_{Cu}$
$= 3,6 + 0,15.64 = 13,2(gam)$
\(m_{HCl}=\dfrac{219.10}{100}=21,9\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\uparrow\)
0,2 0,6 0,3
\(b,m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\)
\(c,V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
\(a.2Al+6HCl\xrightarrow[]{}2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ b.m_{HCl}=\dfrac{219.10\%}{100\%}=21,9\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{21,9}{36,5}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ 2Al+6HCl\xrightarrow[]{}2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,6.2}{6}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Al}=0,2.27=5,4\left(g\right)\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,6.3}{6}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)