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Điều kiện đã cho có thể được viết lại thành \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+d}+\dfrac{d}{d+a}=2\)
hay \(1-\dfrac{a}{a+b}-\dfrac{b}{b+c}+1-\dfrac{c}{c+d}-\dfrac{d}{d+a}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{a+b}-\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{d}{c+d}-\dfrac{d}{d+a}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b^2+bc-ab-b^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{d^2+da-cd-d^2}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{d\left(a-c\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(c-a\right)\left[\dfrac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}-\dfrac{d}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{d}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}\) (do \(c\ne a\))
\(\Leftrightarrow b\left(cd+ca+d^2+da\right)=d\left(ab+ac+b^2+bc\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow bcd+abc+bd^2+abd=abd+acd+b^2d+bcd\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc+bd^2-acd-b^2d=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac\left(b-d\right)-bd\left(b-d\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-d\right)\left(ac-bd\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac=bd\) (do \(b\ne d\))
Do đó \(A=abcd=ac.ac=\left(ac\right)^2\), mà \(a,c\inℕ^∗\) nên A là SCP (đpcm)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{2a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{2c+d}{c+d}+\dfrac{2b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{2d+a}{d+a}=6\)
⇔ \(\left(\dfrac{2a+b}{a+b}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2c+d}{c+d}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2b+c}{b+c}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2d+a}{d+a}-1\right)=2\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+d}+\dfrac{d}{d+a}=2\)
⇔ \(\left(1-\dfrac{a}{a+b}\right)-\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\left(1-\dfrac{c}{c+d}\right)-\dfrac{d}{d+a}=0\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{b}{a+b}-\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{d}{c+d}-\dfrac{d}{d+a}=0\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{b\left(b+c\right)-b\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{d\left(d+a\right)-d\left(c+d\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{d\left(a-c\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)
⇔ \(\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}-\dfrac{d\left(c-a\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)
⇔ \(\left(c-a\right)\left(\dfrac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}-\dfrac{d}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}\right)=0\)
⇒ \(\dfrac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}-\dfrac{d}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\) \(\left(a\ne c\right)\)
⇒ \(b\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)-d\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)
⇔ \(\left(bc+bd\right)\left(d+a\right)-\left(ad+bd\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)
⇔ \(bcd+abc+bd^2+abd-abd-acd-b^2d-bcd=0\)
⇔ \(abc+bd^2-acd-b^2d=0\)
⇔ \(ac\left(b-d\right)-bd\left(b-d\right)=0\)
⇔ \(\left(b-d\right)\left(ac-bd\right)=0\)
⇒ \(ac-bd=0\) \(\left(b\ne d\right)\)
⇔ \(ac=bd\)
Khi đó:
\(A=abcd=\left(ac\right)^2\)
⇒ \(ĐPCM\)
Ta có:
a/ \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{3a}{3b}=\dfrac{2c}{2d}=\dfrac{3a+2c}{3b+2d}\)
b/ \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{-2a}{-2b}=\dfrac{7c}{7d}=\dfrac{-2a+7c}{-2b+7d}\)
PS: Xong
\(\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(b+c\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab+ac< ba+bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ac< bc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a< b\)(đúng)
a)Áp dụng
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c+b}{a+b+c}=2\left(1\right)\)
Lại có:\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}>\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c+a}+\dfrac{c}{c+a+b}=1\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2)=> đpcm
Vì \(\dfrac{a}{b}< 1\Rightarrow a< b\Rightarrow ac< bc\Rightarrow ac+ab< bc+ab\Rightarrow a\left(b+c\right)< b\left(a+c\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}< \dfrac{b\left(a+c\right)}{b\left(b+c\right)}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{b}< \dfrac{a+c}{b+c}\)a) ta có
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< \dfrac{a+c}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{a+b}{a+b+c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a+b+c}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< \dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1< \dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+a}< 2\)
Ta có: \(\left(a+b+c+d\right)\left(a-b-c+d\right)=\left(a-b+c-d\right)\left(a+b-c-d\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+d\right)^2-\left(b+c\right)^2=\left(a-d\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+d-a+d\right)\left(a+d+a-d\right)=\left(b+c-b+c\right)\left(b+c+b-c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2d\cdot2a=2c\cdot2b\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\)
hay \(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
\(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{c+d}+\dfrac{d}{d+a}=2\)
\(1-\dfrac{a}{a+b}-\dfrac{b}{b+c}+1-\dfrac{c}{c+d}-\dfrac{d}{d+a}=0\)
\(\dfrac{b}{a+b}-\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{d}{c+d}-\dfrac{d}{d+a}=0\)
\(\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{d\left(a-c\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)
<=>b(c+d)(d+a)+d(a+b)(b+c)=0 (vì c≠a)
<=>abc-acd+bd2-b2d=0
<=> (b-d)(ac-bd)=0 <=> ac - bd =0 (vì b≠d) <=> ac = bd
Vậy abcd =(ac)(bd)=(ac)2
\(\text{Ta có : }\dfrac{2a+b}{a+b}+\dfrac{2b+c}{b+c}+\dfrac{2c+d}{c+d}+\dfrac{2d+a}{d+a}=6\\ \Rightarrow\left[\left(\dfrac{2a+b}{a+b}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2b+c}{b+c}-1\right)-1\right]+\left[\left(\dfrac{2c+d}{c+d}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2d+a}{d+a}-1\right)-1\right]=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}-1\right)+\left(\dfrac{c}{c+d}+\dfrac{d}{d+a}-1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{b\left(a+b\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}-\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}\right)+\left(\dfrac{c\left(d+a\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}+\dfrac{d\left(c+d\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}-\dfrac{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{ab+ac+ab+b^2-ab-b^2-ac-bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{cd+ac+cd+d^2-cd-d^2-ac-ad}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{ab-bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{cd-ad}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}=0\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{ab-bc}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{ad-cd}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{b\left(a-c\right)}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{d\left(a-c\right)}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{b}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}=\dfrac{d}{\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)}\left(Vìa;b;c;d>0\right)\\ \Rightarrow b\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a\right)=d\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\\ \Rightarrow\left(bc+bd\right)\left(d+a\right)=\left(ad+bd\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow bcd+bd^2+abc+abd=abd+b^2d+acd+bcd\\ \Rightarrow bd^2-b^2d=acd-abc\\ \Rightarrow bd\left(d-b\right)=ac\left(d-b\right)\\ \Rightarrow bd=ac\left(Vìd-b\ne0\right)\\ \Rightarrow abcd=ac\cdot bd=ac\cdot ac=\left(ac\right)^2\)
Vậy \(abcd\) là số chính phương
Bạn nhân chéo rồi PTNT là ok
a: ad=bc
=>a/b=c/d=k
=>a=bk; c=dk
b: \(\dfrac{a+c}{b+d}=\dfrac{bk+dk}{b+d}=k\)
a/b=bk/b=k
=>(a+c)/(b+d)=a/b
c: ad=bc
nên a/c=b/d
d: \(\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{bk+b}{b}=k+1\)
\(\dfrac{c+d}{d}=\dfrac{dk+d}{d}=k+1\)
=>\(\dfrac{a+b}{b}=\dfrac{c+d}{d}\)