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Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho 3 số dương ta có:
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)^4+\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)^4+\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)^4\ge3\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)}\right)^4\)
Ta chứng minh: \(\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge\left(1+\frac{3}{2+abc}\right)^3\left(1\right)\)
Theo BĐT Cô - si ta có:
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)=1+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}+\frac{1}{abc}\)
\(\ge1+\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}+\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}}+\frac{1}{abc}=\left(1+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\right)^3\ge\left(1+\frac{3}{2+abc}\right)^3\)
(Vì \(abc+2=abc+1+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\))
Vậy \(\left(1\right)\) được chứng minh \(\Rightarrow BĐT\) đúng \(\forall a,b,c>0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left[\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)\right]^4}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\left(\sqrt[3]{1+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}+\frac{1}{abc}}\right)^4\left(1\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\\\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a^2b^2c^2}}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}+\frac{1}{abc}\ge1+3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\)
\(+3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{a^2b^2c^2}}+\frac{1}{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}+\frac{1}{abc}\ge\left(1+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(\sqrt[3]{1+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}+\frac{1}{abc}}\right)^4\)
\(\ge3\left(1+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\right)^4\)
\(\left(2\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{abc}\le\frac{abc+1+1}{3}=\frac{abc+2}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\ge1+\frac{3}{abc+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow3\left(1+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\right)^4\ge3\left(1+\frac{3}{abc+2}\right)^4\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1) , (2) và (3)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\left(1+\frac{3}{abc+2}\right)^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)^4+\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)^4+\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)^4\ge3\left(1+\frac{3}{2+abc}\right)^4\left(đpcm\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(VT=a^2+b^2+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+a+b\)
\(=1+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+a+b\)
\(=1+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{a}+2a\right)+\left(\frac{1}{b}+2b\right)-\left(a+b\right)\)
\(\ge3+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{a}\cdot2a}+2\sqrt{\frac{1}{b}\cdot2b}-\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\)
\(\ge3+4\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}=3+3\sqrt{2}=3\left(1+\sqrt{2}\right)\)
Khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Svarxơ:
\(\Sigma\frac{a^2}{\sqrt{5-2\left(b+c\right)}}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\sqrt{5-2\left(b+c\right)}+\sqrt{5-2\left(a+c\right)}+\sqrt{5-2\left(a+b\right)}}\)\(\frac{3^2}{\sqrt{5-2\left(b+c\right)}+\sqrt{5-2\left(a+c\right)}+\sqrt{5-2\left(b+c\right)}}\)
Có: \(\sqrt{5-2\left(b+c\right)}=\sqrt{2\left(1-\left(3-a\right)\right)+3}\)\(=\sqrt{-4+2a+3}=\sqrt{2a-1}\)
CMTT: \(\sqrt{5-2\left(a+c\right)}=\sqrt{2b-1}\);\(\sqrt{5-2\left(a+b\right)}=\sqrt{2c-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma\frac{a^2}{\sqrt{5-2\left(b+c\right)}}\ge\frac{9}{\sqrt{2a-1}+\sqrt{2b-1}+\sqrt{2c-1}}\)\(\ge\frac{9}{\sqrt{\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(2a-1+2b-1+2c-1\right)}}\)(BDT Bunhiacopxki)\(=\frac{9}{\sqrt{3\left[2\left(a+b+c\right)-3\right]}}=\frac{9}{\sqrt{3\left[6-3\right]}}=\frac{9}{3}=3\)(dpcm)
Bài hay quá!
Theo bất đẳng thức Cô-Si cho 3 số dương ta có
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)^4+\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)^4+\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)^4\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)^4\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)^4\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)^4}\).
Do đó ta chỉ cần chứng minh \(\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge\left(1+\frac{3}{2+abc}\right)^3.\) (Lúc đó kết hợp hai bất đẳng thức ta được ngay điều phải chứng minh).
Thực vậy, đầu tiên áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-Si cho 3 số dương ta có
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)=1+\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}\right)+\frac{1}{abc}\ge\)
\(\ge1+\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}+\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}}+\frac{1}{abc}=\left(1+\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\right)^3.\)
Mặt khác ta có \(2+abc=1+1+abc\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\to\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{abc}}\ge\frac{3}{2+abc}\to\)
\(\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge\left(1+\frac{3}{2+abc}\right)^3.\) (ĐPCM)
Ta có : \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}+4\ge3\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)\)(1) . Đặt \(x=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x\right|=\left|\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right|=\left|\frac{a}{b}\right|+\left|\frac{b}{a}\right|\ge2\) \(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x\ge2\\x\le-2\end{cases}}\)
bpt (1) \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2\right)+4\ge3x\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+2\ge0\)
Xét bất phương trình sau : \(y^2-3y+2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(y-1\right)\left(y-2\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}y\ge2\\y\le1\end{cases}}\)
Từ \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x\ge2\\x\le-2\end{cases}}\) suy ra x nằm trong miền nghiệm của bất phương trình đang xét , vậy x phải thỏa mãn \(y^2-3y+2\ge0\), tức là \(x^2-3x+2\ge0\)đúng.
Suy ra (1) đúng. Vậy ta có đpcm
+TH1: a, b trái dấu \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow VT>0\ge VP\), bất đẳng thức luôn đúng
+TH2: a, b cùng dấu \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}=\left|\frac{a}{b}\right|+\left|\frac{b}{a}\right|\ge2\sqrt{\left|\frac{a}{b}\right|.\left|\frac{b}{a}\right|}=2\)
bđt \(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)^2+2\ge3\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)\)
Đặt \(t=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\ge2\)
Cần chứng minh \(t^2+2\ge3t\Leftrightarrow\left(t-1\right)\left(t-2\right)\ge0\text{ }\left(\text{đúng }\forall t\ge2\right)\)