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Ta có: \(\frac{1+3a}{1+b^2}=\left(1+3a\right).\frac{1}{1+b^2}=\left(1+3a\right)\left(1-\frac{b^2}{1+b^2}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(1+3a\right)\left(1-\frac{b^2}{2b}\right)=\left(1+3a\right)\left(1-\frac{b}{2}\right)\)
\(=3a+1-\frac{b}{2}-\frac{3ab}{2}\)(1)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{1+3b}{1+c^2}=3b+1-\frac{c}{2}-\frac{3bc}{2}\)(2); \(\frac{1+3c}{1+a^2}=3c+1-\frac{a}{2}-\frac{3ca}{2}\)(3)
Cộng theo vế của 3 BĐT (1), (2), (3), ta được: \(\frac{1+3a}{1+b^2}+\frac{1+3b}{1+c^2}+\frac{1+3c}{1+a^2}\)\(\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{a+b+c}{2}-\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2}+3\)
\(=\frac{5\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}-\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2}+3\)
\(\ge\frac{5.\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}}{2}-\frac{3.3}{2}+3=\frac{15}{2}-\frac{9}{2}+3=6\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1
Cách làm dài bạn thông cảm mình nghĩ được có zậy thui ak :/
Ta có a, b là các số thực dương
Từ \(a+3b=ab\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{b}+\frac{3}{a}=1\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3}{ab}}.\)(bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 số không âm)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{12}{ab}\le1\Leftrightarrow ab\ge12\)\(\Leftrightarrow84ab-72ab\ge144\Leftrightarrow84ab\ge72\left(ab+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{12ab}{ab+2}\ge\frac{72}{7}\left(1\right)\)
Ta có \(P=\frac{a^2}{1+3b}+\frac{9b^2}{1+a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{1+3b}\frac{9b^2}{1+a}}=\frac{6ab}{\sqrt{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+3b\right)}}\)(Bất đẳng thức Cauchy)
\(\ge\frac{6ab}{\frac{1+a+1+3b}{2}}=\frac{12ab}{a+3b+2}=\frac{12ab}{ab+2}\)(Bất đẳng thức Cauchy ngược dấu )
Kết hợp với (1) ta được :
\(P\ge\frac{12ab}{ab+2}\ge\frac{72}{7}.\)
Vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của \(P=\frac{72}{7}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=3b\\a+3b=ab\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=6\\b=2\end{cases}.}}\)
Ta co:
\(P\ge21\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+12\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\frac{2017.9}{2}\)
\(=21\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+12\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\frac{18153}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{P}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge21\left[\left(\frac{a}{a+b+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{b}{a+b+c}\right)^2+\left(\frac{c}{a+b+c}\right)^2\right]+12+\frac{\frac{18153}{2}}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
Dat \(\left(\frac{a}{a+b+c};\frac{b}{a+b+c};\frac{c}{a+b+c}\right)\rightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\frac{a^2}{x^2}\)
BDT tro thanh:
\(\frac{P}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge21\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+12+\frac{18153}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{P}{\frac{a^2}{x^2}}\ge21\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+12+\frac{18153}{2\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge21.\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+12+\frac{18153}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2P}{a^2}\ge7+12+\frac{18153}{8}\)
Ta lai co:\(x=\frac{a}{a+b+c}\ge\frac{a}{2}\Rightarrow a^2\le4x^2\)
Suy ra:\(\frac{x^2P}{a^2}\ge\frac{x^2P}{4x^2}=\frac{P}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{P}{4}\ge\frac{18503}{8}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{18503}{2}\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
Vay \(P_{min}=\frac{18503}{2}\)khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(VT=\frac{3a}{1+b^2}+\frac{3b}{1+c^2}+\frac{3c}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}+\frac{1}{1+a^2}\)
Ta tách VT=A+B và xét
\(A=\frac{3a}{1+b^2}+\frac{3b}{1+c^2}+\frac{3c}{1+a^2}=\text{∑}\left(3a-\frac{3ab^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge\text{∑}\left(3a-\frac{3ab}{2}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{1+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}+\frac{1}{1+a^2}=\text{∑}\left(1-\frac{b^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge\text{∑}\left(1-\frac{b}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=A+B=3+\frac{5}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{2}\text{∑}ab=\frac{5}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{15}{2}-\frac{3}{2}=6\)
(Do \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=3\))
Dấu = khi a=b=c=1
\(S=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{25}{ab}+ab\)
\(=\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)+\left(ab+\frac{16}{ab}\right)+\frac{17}{2ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+2\sqrt{ab\cdot\frac{16}{ab}}+\frac{17}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{4^2}+8+\frac{17}{\frac{4^2}{2}}=\frac{83}{8}\)
Dấu "=" xảy râ khi x = y = 2
Ta có \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)=> \(ab\le4\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\frac{16}{ab}+ab\ge8\)
\(\frac{17}{2ab}\ge\frac{17}{8}\)
=> \(S\ge8+\frac{17}{8}+\frac{1}{4}=\frac{83}{8}\)
Vậy MinS=83/8 khi a=b=2