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Câu trả lời hay nhất: áp dụng BĐT bunhiacopxki
(a² + b² + c²).(1+1+1) ≥ (a.1 + b.1 + c.1)² = 1
=> a² + b² + c² ≥ 1/3
dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a/1 = b/1 = c/1 => a = b = c = 1/3
tk mk nha $_$
Vì \(0\le a\le2;0\le b\le2;0\le c\le2\Rightarrow\left(2-a\right)\left(2-b\right)\left(2-c\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow8-4\left(a+b+c\right)+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c\right)-8+abc\ge4\)\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge12-8+abc\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le-4\)
Ta có :
\(a+b+c=3\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=9-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le9-4=5\Rightarrowđpcm\)Đẳng thức xảy ra khi
\(\left(2-a\right)\left(2-b\right)\left(2-c\right)=0\)
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}2-a=0\\2-b=0\\2-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=2\\c=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(2-a\right)\left(2-b\right)\left(2-c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8-4\left(a+b+c\right)+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge4\left(a+b+c\right)-8+abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge12-8+abc\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge4\)
\(\Rightarrow-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le-4\)
\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=9-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\le9-4=5\)(Đpcm)
Dấu = khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2-a\right)\left(2-b\right)\left(2-c\right)=0\\abc=0\\a+b+c=3\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(2;1;0\right)\)và hoán vị.
a = 2 ( t/m )
b = 1 ( t/m )
c = 0 ( t/m )
vậy \(a^2+b^2+c^2\le5\)