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1.
a) \((a + b + c)^2 + (a - b - c)^2 +( b - c - a) ^2 + (c - a - b)^2 \)
\(= (a + b + c)^2 + (a + b - c)^2 + (a - b - c)^2 + (a - b + c)^2 \)
\(= (a + b)^2 + 2c(a + b) + c^2 + (a + b)^2 - 2c(a + b) + c^2 + (a - b)^2 - 2c(a - b) + c^2 + (a - b)^2 + 2c(a - b) +c^2 \)
\(= 2(a + b)^2 + 2c^2 + 2(a - b)^2 + 2c^2 \)
\(= 2[(a + b)^2 + (a - b)^2] + 4c^2 \)
\(=2(2a^2 + 2b^2) + 4c^2 \)
\(= 4(a^2 + b^2 + c^2)\)
b) Đặt: \(x=a+b; y=c+d; z=a-b; t=c-d \)
Ta được:
\((x+y)^2+(x-y)^2+(z+t)^2+(z-t)^2 \)
\(= (x^2+2xy+y^2)+(x^2-2xy+y^2)+(z^2+2zt+t^2)+(z^2-2zt+t^2) \)
\(= 2x^2+2y^2+2z^2+2t^2 \)
\(= 2(x^2+y^2+z^2+t^2) \)
\(=2.\left[(a+b)^2+(c+d)^2+(a-b)^2+(c-d)^2 \right]\)
\(= 2(a^2+2ab+b^2+c^2+2cd+d^2+a^2-2ab+b^2+c^2-2cd+d^2) \)
\(= 2(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2+2d^2) \)
\(= 4(a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2)\)
cau 1 ne:
a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 3
theo bat dang thuc cosi ban se co
a^2 + a + 1 >= 3a
b^2 + b + 1 >= 3b
c^2 + c + 1 >= 3c
cong 3 ve bat dang thuc lai voi nhau ban se co
a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + (a + b + c) + 3>= 3(a + b + c)
=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 3 >= 2(a + b + c)
dau = xay ra <=> a= b= c = 1
ma theo de bai ta lai co a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 3 = 2(a + b + c)
=> a = b = c = 1 (dpcm)
b) (a - b)^2 + (b-c)^2 + (c - a)^2 = (a + b - 2c)^2 + (b + c - 2a)^2 + (c + a - 2b)^2
hay (a + b - 2b)^2 + (b + c - 2c)^2 + (c + a - 2a)^2 = (a + b - 2c)^2 + (b + c - 2a)^2 + (c + a - 2b)^2
dat. a + b = A
b + c = B
c + a = C
=> ban se co:
(A - 2b)^2 + (B - 2c)^2 + (C - 2a)^2 = (A - 2c)^2 + (B - 2a)^2 + (C - 2b)^2
tu day ban nhan pha ra roi rut gon 2 ve cho nhau ban se co
Ab + Bc + Ca = Ac + Ba + Cb
hay (a + b)b + (b + c)c + (c + a)a = (a + b)c + (b + c)a + (c + a)b
hay ab + b^2 + bc + c^2 + ac + a^2 = 2ab + 2bc + 2ac
hay a^2 + b^2 + c^2 - ab - bc - ac = 0
hay 2a^2 + 2b^2 + 2c^2 - 2ab - 2bc - 2ac = 0
hay (a-b)^2 + (b-c)^2 +(c - a)^2 = 0
dau = xay ra <=> a = b = c (dpcm)
c) a^3 + b^3 + c^3 + d^3 = (a + b)(a^2 -ab +b^2) + (c+d)(c^2 - cd + d^2) (**)
ban nhan thay a + b + c + d = 0
=> a + b = - c - d
thay vao pt (**) ban se co
-(c + d)(a^2 - ab + b^2) + (c + d)(c^2 - cd + d^2)
(c + d)(c^2 - cd + d^2 -a^2 + ab - b^2)
hay (c + d)(ab - cd + (c^2 + d^2 - a^2 - b^2)) (***)
ban co a + b = - c - d
hay (a + b)^2 = (c + d)^2
hay a^2 + b^2 + 2ab = c^2 + d^2 + 2cd
hay c^2 + d^2 - a^2 - b^2 = 2ab - 2cd
thay vao pt (***) ban se co
(c + d)(ab - cd + 2ab - 2cd)
hay (c +d)(3ab - 3cd) = 3(c+d)(ab - cd) (dpcm)
a, A = x2 + 6x + 13
=(x2+6x+9)+4
=(x+3)2+4\(\ge\)4
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=-3
\(A=x^2+6x+13\)
<=>\(A=x^2+6x+9+4\)
<=>\(A=\left(x+3\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x+3=0 <=> x=-3
Vậy minA=4 <=> x=-3
\(B=4x^2+3x+11\)
<=>\(B=4\left(x^2+\frac{3}{4}x-\frac{11}{4}\right)\)
<=>\(B=4\left(x^2+\frac{3}{4}x+\frac{3}{8}\right)-\frac{185}{16}\)
<=>\(B=4\left(x+\frac{3}{8}\right)^2-\frac{185}{16}\ge-\frac{185}{16}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x+3/8=0 <=> x=-3/8
Vậy minB=-185/16 <=> x=-3/8
\(C=5x^2-x+34\)
<=>\(C=5\left(x^2-\frac{1}{5}x+\frac{34}{5}\right)\)
<=>\(C=5\left(x^2-\frac{1}{5}x+\frac{1}{100}\right)+\frac{679}{20}\)
<=>\(C=\left(x-\frac{1}{10}\right)^2+\frac{679}{20}\ge\frac{679}{20}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x-1/10=0 <=> x=1/10
Vậy minC= 679/20 <=> x=1/10
a) ta có (a+b)2=a2+2ab+b2=a2+b2+2.6=a2+b2+12(1)
mà a+b=5 nên (a+b)2=25
từ(1) suy ra a2+b2=25-12=13
b) ta có (x+y)3=x3+y3+3xy(x+y)
suy ra x3+y3=(x+y)3-3xy(x+y)=125-90=35
ko biet
\(\hept{\begin{cases}b+c+d=7-a\\b^2+b^2+d^2=13-a^2\end{cases}}\)(1)
Ta có:
\(\left(b+c+d\right)^2\le3\left(b^2+c^2+d^2\right)\)
Thế (1) vô ta được
\(\left(7-a\right)^2\le3\left(13-a^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1\le a\le\frac{5}{2}\)