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Từ x=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)a+\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)b+\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)c=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\).(a+b+c)\(\Rightarrow\)2x=(a+b+c)
M=(x-a)(x-b)+(x-b)(x-c)+(x-c)(x-a)+x\(^2\)
= x\(^2\)-xb-ax+ab+x\(^2\)-xc-bx+bc+x\(^2\)-ax-cx+ac+x\(^2\)
= 4x\(^2\)-2ac-2bx-2cx+ab+bc+ac
= 4x\(^2\)-2x(a+b+c)+ab+bc+ca
Thay 2x=a+b+c,ta được:
M= 4x\(^2\)-2x.2c+ab+bc+ca
M= 4x\(^2\)-4x\(^2\)+ab+bc+ca
M= ab+bc+ca
4p(p-a)=2(a+b+c)[(b+c-a)/2]=(a+b+c)(c+b-a)(1)
b2+c2+2ab-a2=(a+b+c)(c+b-a)(2)
từ (1) và (2) suy ra b2+c2+2ab-a2=4p(p-a)
a) a2(a-b)-b2(a-c)-c2(b-a)
=a2(a-b)-b2(a-c)+c2(a-b)
=(a-b)(a2-c2)-b2(a-c)
=(a-b)(a-c)(a+c)-b2(a-c)
=(a-c)[(a-b)(a+c)-b2]
b)a(b-c)3+b(c-a)3+c(a-b)3
=a(b-c)3-b[(a-b)+(b-c)]+c(a-b)3
=a(b-c)3-b[(a-b)3+3(a-b)2(b-c)+3(a-b)(b-c)2+(b-c)3]+c(a-b)3
=a(b-c)3-b(a-b)3+3b(a-b)2(b-c)+3b(a-b)(b-c)2+b(b-c)3+c(a-b)3
=(b-c)3(a-b)-(a-b)3(b-c)-3b(a-b)(b-c)(a-b+b-c)
=(b-c)3(a-b)-(a-b)3(b-c)-3b(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)
=(a-b)(b-c)[(b-c)2-(a-b)2-3b(a-c)]
=(a-b)(b-c)[(b-c-a+b)(b-c+a-b)-3b(a-c)]
=(a-b)(b-c)[(2b-a-c)(a-c)-3b(a-c)]
=(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)(2b-a-c-3b)
=-(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)(a+b+c)
=(a-b)(b-c)(c-a)(a+b+c)
c)abc-(ab+ac+bc)+(a+b+c)-1
=abc-ab-ac-bc+a+b+c-1
=abc-bc-ab+b-ac+c+a-1
=bc(a-1)-b(a-1)-c(a-1)+a-1
=(a-1)(bc-b-c+1)
=(a-1)[b(c-1)-(c-1)]
=(a-1)(c-1)(b-1)
=(a-1)(b-1)(c-1)
Xét \(VP=4p.\left(p-a\right)=2p.2.\left(p-a\right)=2p.\left(2p-2a\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\)
\(ab+ac-a^2+b^2+bc-ab+bc+c^2-ac=2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2=VT\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2=(b+c)^2-a^2=(b+c-a)(b+c+a)=(2p-a-a)2p=(2p-2a)2p=2.2p(p-a)=4p(p-a)
2)
M= (x-a)(x-b)+(x-b)(x-c)+(x-c)(x-a)+x^2
= x^2-bx-ax+ab+x^2-cx-bx+bc+x^2-ax-cx+ac+x^2
= 4x^2-2bx-2ax-2cx+ab+bc+ac
=4x^2-2x(a+b+c)+ab+bc+ac
= 2x [ 2x-(a+b+c)2x] +ab+bc+ac (1)
Mặt khác : x=\(\frac{1}{2}\)a+\(\frac{1}{2}\)b+\(\frac{1}{2}\)c
<=> x =\(\frac{1}{2}\)(a+b+c)
<=>2x=a+b+c
=> Vế phải của (1) bằng : a+b+c (a+b+c-a-b-c)+ab+bc+ac
<=> ( a+b+c ).0 + ab+bc+ac
<=> ab+bc+ac
hay M= ab+bc+ac
Vậy M=ab+bc+ac