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Lời giải:
Ta có:
$a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac=\frac{6(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ac)}{6}=\frac{4(a+b+c)^2+(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2}{6}$
$\geq \frac{(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2}{6}$
$\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2}{6}.\left[\frac{1}{(a-b)^2}+\frac{1}{(b-c)^2}+\frac{1}{(c-a)^2}\right]$
Đặt $a-b=m, b-c=n$ thì $a-c=m+n$
Khi đó:
$6P\geq [m^2+n^2+(m+n)^2]\left[\frac{1}{m^2}+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{(m+n)^2}\right]$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM và Cauchy-Schwarz:
$[m^2+n^2+(m+n)^2]\left[\frac{1}{m^2}+\frac{1}{n^2}+\frac{1}{(m+n)^2}\right]$
$\geq [\frac{(m+n)^2}{2}+(m+n)^2]\left[\frac{1}{2}(\frac{1}{m}+\frac{1}{n})^2+\frac{1}{(m+n)^2}\right]$
$\geq \frac{3}{2}.(m+n)^2\left[\frac{8}{(m+n)^2}+\frac{1}{(m+n)^2}\right]$
$=\frac{3}{2}(m+n)^2.\frac{9}{(m+n)^2}=\frac{27}{2}$
$\Rightarrow 6P\geq \frac{27}{2}$
$\Rightarrow P\geq \frac{9}{4}$
Vậy GTNN của $P$ là $\frac{9}{4}$.
Ta chứng minh \(\frac{a^3}{\left(1-a\right)^2}\ge\frac{4a-1}{4}\) với mọi a thỏa mãn \(0< a< 1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^3-\left(4a-1\right)\left(1-a\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9a^2-6a+1\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(3a-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{b^3}{\left(1-b\right)^2}\ge\frac{4b-1}{4}\); \(\frac{c^3}{\left(1-c\right)^2}\ge\frac{4c-1}{4}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)-3}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=\frac{1}{4}\) khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt[3]{abc}}=\frac{c^2}{c^2(a+b)}+\frac{a^2}{a^2(b+c)}+\frac{b^2}{b^2(c+a)}+\frac{(\sqrt[3]{abc})^2}{2abc}\)
\(\geq \frac{(c+a+b+\sqrt[3]{abc})^2}{c^2(a+b)+a^2(b+c)+b^2(c+a)+2abc}=\frac{(a+b+c+\sqrt[3]{abc})^2}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
a)Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel:
\(VT=\left(\frac{a^4}{a}+\frac{b^4}{b}+\frac{c^4}{c}\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{9\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge\frac{9\left[\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\right]^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
b) \(VT-VP=\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
c) Theo câu b và BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\Rightarrow3.3\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\)
\(\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\right]=\left(a+b+c\right)^3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
d/ Đặt \(x=a+b\) , \(y=b+c\) , \(z=c+a\)
thì : \(a=\frac{x+z-y}{2}\) ; \(b=\frac{x+y-z}{2}\) ; \(c=\frac{y+z-x}{2}\)
Ta có : \(\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{\frac{x+z-y}{2}}{y}+\frac{\frac{x+y-z}{2}}{z}+\frac{\frac{y+z-x}{2}}{x}\)
\(=\frac{z+x-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}+\frac{y+z-x}{2x}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}-3\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\right)-\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{1}{2}.6-\frac{3}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
b/ \(a^2\left(1+b^2\right)+b^2\left(1+c^2\right)+c^2\left(1+a^2\right)\ge6abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2b^2-2abc+c^2\right)+\left(b^2c^2-2abc+a^2\right)+\left(c^2a^2-2abc+b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab-c\right)^2+\left(bc-a\right)^2+\left(ca-b\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy bđt ban đầu dc chứng minh.
Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y};\frac{1}{z}\right)\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
\(P=\frac{x^3yz}{y+z}+\frac{xy^3z}{x+z}+\frac{xyz^3}{x+y}=\frac{x^2}{y+z}+\frac{y^2}{z+x}+\frac{z^2}{x+y}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\frac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(1-a\right)^2}+\frac{1-a}{8}+\frac{1-a}{8}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{\left(1-a\right)^2}.\frac{\left(1-a\right)}{8}.\frac{1-a}{8}}=\frac{3a}{4}\)
Suy ra \(\frac{a^3}{1-a^2}\ge\frac{3a}{4}-\frac{\left(1-a\right)}{4}=\frac{4a-1}{4}\)
Tương tự hai BĐT còn lại rồi cộng theo vế:
\(A\ge\frac{4\left(a+b+c\right)-3}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)