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Tuogw tựCâu hỏi của Nue nguyen - Toán lớp 10 | Học trực tuyến
Cm \(3\left(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\right)\left(a^2c+b^2a+c^2b\right)\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)^3\)
Do 2 vế BĐT đồng bậc nên ta chuẩn hóa \(a+b+c=3\)
BĐT <=> \(3\left[abc\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+\left(a^3b^3+b^3c^3+a^3c^3\right)+a^2b^2c^2\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\ge27abc\)
<=>\(3\left[abc\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+\left(a^3b^3+b^3c^3+a^3c^3+3a^2b^2c^2\right)\right]\ge27abc\)
Áp dụng BĐT Schur ta có:
\(a^3b^3+b^3c^3+a^3c^3+3a^2b^2c^2\ge ab^2c\left(ab+bc\right)+a^2bc\left(ab+ac\right)+abc^2\left(ac+bc\right)\)
Khi đó BĐT
<=>\(3\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3a^2\left(b+c\right)+3b^2\left(a+c\right)+3c^2\left(a+b\right)\ge27\)
<=> \(3\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+3a^2\left(3-a\right)+3b^2\left(3-b\right)+3c^2\left(3-c\right)\ge27\)
<=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\) luôn đúng do \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\)( ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c
Bài 2
Áp dụng \(x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
=> \(VT\ge\frac{|a+1-b|+|b+1-c|+|c+1-a|}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT \(|x|+|y|+|z|\ge|x+y+z|\)
=> \(VT\ge\frac{|a+1-b+b+1-c+c+1-a|}{\sqrt{2}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài 1:
Đặt \(a^2=x;b^2=y;c^2=z\)
Ta có:\(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}}\le\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cô si ta có:
\(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{\frac{4x\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\frac{3\left(x+z\right)}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left[\frac{4x\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{3\left(x+z\right)}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]\)
Tương tự với \(\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}}\)và \(\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}}\)
Cộng lại ta được:
\(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\left[\frac{x\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\right]+\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\le\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
Sau đó bình phương hai vế rồi
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\ge8xyz\)đẳng thức đúng
Vậy...
Bài 2:
Trước hết ta chứng minh bất đẳng thức sau:
\(\frac{a}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{b}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{c}{4c+4a+b}\le\frac{1}{3}\)
Nhân cả hai vế bđt với 4(a+b+c)4(a+b+c) rồi thu gọn ta được bđt sau:
\(\frac{4a\left(a+b+c\right)}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{4b\left(a+b+c\right)}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{4c\left(a+b+c\right)}{4c+4a+b}\)\(\le\frac{4}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\left[\frac{4a\left(a+b+c\right)}{4a+4b+}-a\right]+\left[\frac{4b\left(a+b+c\right)}{4b+4c+a}-b\right]+\left[\frac{4c\left(a+b+c\right)}{4c+4a+b}-c\right]\le\frac{a+b+c}{3}\)
\(\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{ab}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{bc}{4c+4a+b}\le\frac{a+b+c}{9}\)
Áp dụng bđt cauchy-Schwarz ta có \(\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}=\frac{ca}{\left(2b+c\right)+2\left(2a+b\right)}\)\(\le\frac{ca}{9}\left(\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{2}{2a+b}\right)\)
Từ đó ta có:
\(\text{∑}\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}\le\frac{1}{9}\text{∑}\left(\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\frac{2ca}{2a+b}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\text{ ∑}\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\text{ ∑}\frac{2ca}{2a+b}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\text{ ∑}\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\text{ ∑}\frac{2ab}{2b+c}\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{9}\)
Đặt VT=A rồi áp dụng bđt cauchy-Schwarz cho VT ta có
\(T^2\le3\left(\frac{a}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{b}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{c}{4c+4a+b}\right)\)\(\le3\cdot\frac{1}{3}=1\Leftrightarrow T\le1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
c bạn tự làm nhé mình mệt rồi :D
Bài 2 xét x=0 => A =0
xét x>0 thì \(A=\frac{1}{x-2+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}}\)
để A nguyên thì \(x-2+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\inƯ\left(1\right)\)
=>cho \(x-2+\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\)bằng 1 và -1 rồi giải ra =>x=?
1,Ta có \(\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)^2=a+b+c+2\sqrt{ab}+2\sqrt{bc}+2\sqrt{ac}\)
=> \(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=2\)
\(a+2=a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(b+2=\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}\right)\)
\(c+2=\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{a}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{a+2}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{b+2}+\frac{\sqrt{c}}{c+2}=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)}+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{a}\right)}+...\)
=> \(\frac{\sqrt{a}}{a+2}+...=\frac{2\left(\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{c}\right)\left(\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{\left(a+2\right)\left(b+2\right)\left(c+2\right)}}\)
=> M=0
Vậy M=0
b2 \(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{y-1}+\sqrt{z-1}=\sqrt{x}.\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{x}}+\sqrt{y}.\)\(\sqrt{y}.\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{y}}+\sqrt{z}.\sqrt{1-\frac{1}{z}}\)rồi dung bunhia là xong
A= \(\frac{1}{a^3}\)+ \(\frac{1}{b^3}\)+ \(\frac{1}{c^3}\)+ \(\frac{ab^2}{c^3}\)+ \(\frac{bc^2}{a^3}\)+ \(\frac{ca^2}{b^3}\)
Svacxo:
3 cái đầu >= \(\frac{9}{a^3+b^3+c^3}\)
3 cái sau >= \(\frac{\left(\sqrt{a}b+\sqrt{c}b+\sqrt{a}c\right)^2}{a^3+b^3+c^3}\)
Cô-si: cái tử bỏ bình phương >= 3\(\sqrt{abc}\)
=> cái tử >= 9abc= 9 vì abc=1
Còn lại tự làm
Áp dụng BĐT Mincopxki:
\(P\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{81}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\dfrac{81}{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{1215}{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}\)
\(\ge\sqrt{2\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2\cdot\dfrac{81}{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}+\dfrac{1215}{16\cdot\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Cách khác :)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunhiacopxki :
\(\left(1+16\right)\left(a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}\right)\ge\left(a+\frac{4}{b}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{17}\cdot\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}\ge a+\frac{4}{b}\)
Tương tự : \(\sqrt{17}\cdot\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{c^2}}\ge b+\frac{4}{c};\sqrt{17}\cdot\sqrt{c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}\ge c+\frac{4}{a}\)
Cộng theo vế của 3 bất đẳng thức :
\(\sqrt{17}\cdot\left(\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}+\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{c^2}}+\sqrt{c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)+4\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{17}\cdot P\ge a+b+c+\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si:
Xét \(a+b+c+\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\)
\(=16a+\frac{4}{a}+16b+\frac{4}{b}+16c+\frac{4}{c}-15a-15b-15c\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{16\cdot4a}{a}}+2\sqrt{\frac{16\cdot4b}{b}}+2\sqrt{\frac{16\cdot4c}{c}}-15\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=16\cdot3-15\cdot\frac{3}{2}=\frac{51}{2}\)
Ta có : \(\sqrt{17}\cdot P\ge\frac{51}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)