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Từ \(\dfrac{a-\left(c-b\right)}{b-c}+\dfrac{b-\left(a-c\right)}{c-a}+\dfrac{c-\left(b-a\right)}{a-b}=3\)
\(=>\dfrac{a}{b-c}+1+\dfrac{b}{c-a}+1+\dfrac{c}{a-b}+1=3\)
\(=>\dfrac{a}{b-c}-\dfrac{b}{a-c}-\dfrac{c}{b-a}=0\)
\(=>\dfrac{a}{b-c}=\dfrac{b}{a-c}+\dfrac{c}{b-a}=\dfrac{b^2-ab+ac-c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
Nhân cả 2 vế với \(\dfrac{1}{b-c}\) ta được
\(\dfrac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}=\dfrac{b^2-ab+ac-c^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\dfrac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\dfrac{c^2-bc+bc-a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\left(2\right)\)
\(\dfrac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\dfrac{a^2-ca+cb-c^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\left(3\right)\)
Cộng theo vế (1);(2);(3) ta có ĐPCM
CHÚC BẠN HỌC TỐT.........
4) Ta có : A=(a+b+c+d)(a-b-c+d)=(a-b+c-d)(a+b-c-d)
=> (a+d)2 - (b+c)2= (a-d)2 - (c-b)2
=> a2+ d2+ 2ad - b2- c2- 2bc=a2 + d2 - 2ad - c2-b2+2bc
Rút gọn ta được: 4ad = 4bc => ad = bc =>\(\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}\)
1) a2+b2+c2+3=2(a+b+c) =>(a-1)2+(b-1)2+(c-1)2=0
=> a-1=b-1=c-1=0 => a=b=c=1 =>đpcm
* Đặt tên các biểu thức theo thứ tự là A,B,C,D,E.
Câu a)
Theo hằng đẳng thức đáng nhớ ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=(a+b+c)^3-3(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)\)
\(=(a+b+c)^3-3[ab(a+b)+bc(b+c)+ca(c+a)+2abc]\)
\(=(a+b+c)^3-3[ab(a+b+c)+bc(b+c+a)+ca(c+a+b)-abc]\)
\(=(a+b+c)^3-3[(a+b+c)(ab+bc+ac)]+3abc\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=(a+b+c)^3-3(ab+bc+ac)(a+b+c)\)
\(=(a+b+c)[(a+b+c)^2-3(ab+bc+ac)]\)
\(=(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)\) (*)
Do đó:
\(A=\frac{(a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac)}{a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac}=a+b+c\)
Câu b)
\(x^3-y^3+z^3+3xyz=x^3+(-y)^3+z^3-3x(-y)z\)
Sử dụng kết quả (*) của câu a. Với \(a=x, b=-y, c=z\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+(-y)^3+z^3-3x(-y)z=(x-y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz-xz)\)
Mặt khác xét mẫu số:
\((x+y)^2+(y+z)^2+(x-z)^2=x^2+2xy+y^2+y^2+2yz+z^2+x^2-2xz+z^2\)
\(=2(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz-xz)\)
Do đó: \(B=\frac{(x-y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz-xz)}{2(x^2+y^2+z^2+xy+yz-xz)}=\frac{x-y+z}{2}\)
Câu c) Sử dụng kết quả (*) của phần a:
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=(x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)\)
Và mẫu số:
\((x-y)^2+(y-z)^2+(z-x)^2=2(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)\)
Do đó: \(C=\frac{(x+y+z)(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)}{2(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-xz)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
Câu d)
Xét tử số:
\(a^2(b-c)+b^2(c-a)+c^2(a-b)\)
\(=a^2(b-c)-b^2[(b-c)+(a-b)]+c^2(a-b)\)
\(=(b-c)(a^2-b^2)-(b^2-c^2)(a-b)\)
\(=(b-c)(a-b)(a+b)-(b-c)(b+c)(a-b)\)
\(=(a-b)(b-c)[a+b-(b+c)]=(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)\) (1)
Xét mẫu số:
\(a^4(b^2-c^2)+b^4(c^2-a^2)+c^4(a^2-b^2)\)
\(=a^4(b^2-c^2)-b^4[(b^2-c^2)+(a^2-b^2)]+c^4(a^2-b^2)\)
\(=(a^4-b^4)(b^2-c^2)-(b^4-c^4)(a^2-b^2)\)
\(=(a^2-b^2)(a^2+b^2)(b^2-c^2)-(b^2-c^2)(b^2+c^2)(a^2-b^2)\)
\(=(a^2-b^2)(b^2-c^2)[a^2+b^2-(b^2+c^2)]\)
\(=(a^2-b^2)(b^2-c^2)(a^2-c^2)\)
\(=(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)\)(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra \(D=\frac{1}{(a+b)(b+c)(c+a)}\)
Câu e)
Theo phần d ta có:
\(TS=(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)\)
\(MS=ab^2-ac^2-b^3+bc^2\)
\(=b^2(a-b)-c^2(a-b)=(a-b)(b^2-c^2)=(a-b)(b-c)(b+c)\)
Do đó: \(E=\frac{(a-b)(b-c)(a-c)}{(a-b)(b-c)(b+c)}=\frac{a-c}{b+c}\)
Câu 1:
a: \(\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3-3a^2b-3ab^2\)
\(=a^3+b^3\)
b: \(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ac-bc+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
a) \(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{c-a+a-b+b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
b) \(\dfrac{\left(a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+c^2-2ac-b^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a-c\right)^2-b^2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-c-b\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}{\left(a-c-b\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}=1\)
c) \(\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}-\dfrac{x+1}{x^3-x^2}+\dfrac{3}{x^3-2x^2+x}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}-\dfrac{x+1}{x^2\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{3}{x\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^3-x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)+3x^2}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3+x+3x^2}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{4x-1}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
d) \(\left(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y}-\dfrac{y^2}{x}\right)\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}.\dfrac{x^3-y^3}{xy}\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2-xy-y^2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}.\dfrac{x}{x-y}\)
\(=\dfrac{x}{x+y}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\left(a^3\cdot\dfrac{1}{a}+b^3\cdot\dfrac{1}{b}+c^3\cdot\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)
Cần chỉ ra \(\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge a+b+c\left(a,b,c>0\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Cauchy-Schwarz 2 bộ (left(sqrt{a^3};sqrt{b^3};sqrt{c^3} ight);left(sqrt{dfrac{1}{a}};sqrt{dfrac{1}{b}};sqrt{dfrac{1}{c}} ight))
(left(a^3+b^3+c^2 ight)left(dfrac{1}{a}+dfrac{1}{b}+dfrac{1}{c} ight)geleft(sqrt{dfrac{a^3.1}{a}}+sqrt{dfrac{b^3.1}{b}}+sqrt{dfrac{c^3.1}{c}} ight)^2)
(Leftrightarrowleft(a^3+b^3+c^2 ight)left(dfrac{1}{a}+dfrac{1}{b}+dfrac{1}{c} ight)geleft(a^2+b^2+c^2 ight)^2)
Bđt cần c/m tương đương với :
(left(a^2+b^2+c^2 ight)^2geleft(a+b+c ight)^2)
(Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2ge a+b+c) ( vì a,b,c > 0 )
Phản đề :
Xét bộ (left(a;b;c ight)=left(dfrac{1}{4};dfrac{1}{4};dfrac{1}{4} ight))
(Leftrightarrowdfrac{3}{16}gedfrac{3}{4}left(sai ight))
Vậy bđt cần cm không tồn tại với a , b , c > 0
A+B+C=0=>A,B,C=0=> kq=0
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