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Ta thấy: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^2+bc}{abc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a^2+bc}{\sqrt[3]{\left(a^2b+b^2c\right)\left(bc^2+ca^2\right)\left(c^2a+ab^2\right)}}\)
Ta lại có: \(\sqrt[3]{\left(a^2b+b^2c\right)\left(bc^2+ca^2\right)\left(c^2a+ab^2\right)}\le\frac{\left(a^2b+b^2c\right)+\left(bc^2+ca^2\right)+\left(c^2a+ab^2\right)}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^2+bc}{abc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}\ge\frac{\Sigma_{cyc}\left(a^2+bc\right)}{\frac{1}{3}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca}{\frac{1}{3}\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)}\)
Nhận thấy: \(A=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2+ab+bc+ca\right)=a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc+2\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)\)
Theo Schur: \(a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A\ge3\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^2+bc}{abc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}\ge\frac{3\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)}{\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\Sigma_{cyc}\left(ab\left(a+b\right)\right)}=\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
\(a+b+c=6abc\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=6\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=6\)
\(P=\frac{x^3}{y+2z}+\frac{y^3}{z+2x}+\frac{z^3}{x+2y}=\frac{x^4}{xy+2zx}+\frac{y^4}{yz+2xy}+\frac{z^4}{zx+2yz}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\frac{\left(xy+yz+zx\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{xy+yz+zx}{3}=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{2}\) hay \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
* Bài này sử dụng cách đẳng thức:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=\frac{1}{2}.\Sigma\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)-8\left(a+b+c\right)^3\)
\(=\Sigma\left(-4a-4b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\)
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\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\frac{8\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{27\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)-8\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\ge0\) (tự hiểu:v)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4.\frac{1}{2}\Sigma\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}+\frac{\Sigma\left(-4a-4b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma\left(a-b\right)^2\left(\frac{2}{ab+bc+ca}-\frac{4a+4b+c}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}\right)\ge0\)
Ta chỉ cần chứng minh \(\frac{2}{ab+bc+ca}-\frac{4a+4b+c}{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}>0\) (rồi tương tự các biểu thức còn lại phía sau:v)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)^3-\left(4a+4b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^3}>0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a^3+2a^2b+2a^2c+2ab^2+3abc+5ac^2+2b^3+2b^2c+5bc^2+2c^3}{\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)^3}>0\) (luôn đúng với mọi a, b, c > 0)
Như vậy tương tự các biểu thức còn lại phía sau ta có đpcm.
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c
\(3=ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Rightarrow abc\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{abc+a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{abc+b^2\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{abc+c^2\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{a\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\frac{1}{b\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}+\frac{1}{c\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{ab+bc+ca}{3abc}=\frac{1}{abc}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=6\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=6\)
\(P=\frac{x^3}{y+2z}+\frac{y^3}{z+2x}+\frac{z^3}{x+2y}=\frac{x^4}{xy+2xz}+\frac{y^4}{yz+2xy}+\frac{z^4}{zx+2yz}\)
\(P\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\ge\frac{xy+yz+zx}{3}=2\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\sqrt{2}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{ab+2c^2}{1+ab-c^2}}=\sqrt{\frac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+ab}}=\frac{ab+2c^2}{\sqrt{\left(ab+2c^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2+ab\right)}}\ge\frac{2\left(ab+2c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+2ab+2c^2}\ge\frac{ab+2c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=ab+2c^2\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{\frac{bc+2a^2}{1+bc-a^2}}\ge bc+2a^2\) ; \(\sqrt{\frac{ca+2b^2}{1+ac-b^2}}\ge ca+2b^2\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(VT\ge2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)+ab+bc+ca=2+ab+bc+ca\)