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Thay các số a = 1; b = 2; c = 3 vào thấy không thỏa mãn.
Ta có:
1/a + 1/b + 1/c=1 / (a + b + c)
Vậy nên 1/a + 1/b + 1/c - 1/ (a + b + c) = 0
=> (a + b) / ab + (a + b) / c (a + b + c)=0 (cộng 2 số đầu với nhau và 2 số còn lại với nhau)
=> (a + b) ( 1 / ab - 1 / c (a + b + c)) = 0.
=> (a + b) (c (a + b + c)) + ab ) / ( -ab (a + b +c)) =0
=> (a + b) (ac +bc +c^2 + ab) / ( - ab (a + b + c)) =0=0
=> (a + b) ( c (b + c) + a (c +b)) / ( - ab (a + b + c)) =0
=> (a + b) (b +c) ( c + a) / ( - ab (a + b + c)) =0
=> a + b =0 hay b + c =0 hay c + a =0, vậy 2 trong 3 số a, b, c có 2 số đối nhau ( vì 2 số đối nhau cộng lại mới bằng 0)
Theo bài ra ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{bc+ca+ab}{abc}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(bc+ca+ab\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(bc+ca+ab\right)\left(a+b+c\right)-abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b=0\)( vì \(a=-b\))
\(b+c=0\)(vì \(b=-c\))
\(c+a=0\)( vì c=-a )
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b+c}=\frac{bc+ca+ab}{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(bc+ca+ab\right)=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow abc+a^2c+a^2b+b^2c+abc+ab^2+bc^2+ac^2+abc=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow2abc+a^2c+a^2b+b^2c+ab^2+bc^2+ac^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(abc+a^2b\right)+\left(ac^2+a^2c\right)+\left(b^2c+b^2a\right)+\left(bc^2+abc\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow ab\left(a+c\right)+ac\left(a+c\right)+b^2\left(a+c\right)+bc\left(a+c\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(ab+ac+b^2+bc\right)\left(a+c\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[\left(ab+ac\right)+\left(b^2+bc\right)\right]\left(a+c\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(a+c\right)=0\)
Do đó trong a , b , c luôn có 2 số đối nhau.
Phần 2 : Do vai trò a , b , c như nhau nên coi \(a=-b\)( Do có 2 số đối nhau)
\(\Rightarrow a^n=-b^n\)(Vì n lẻ )
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{a^n+b^n}{a^n.b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=0+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{c^n}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^n+b^n+c^n}=\frac{1}{\left(a^n+b^n\right)+c^n}=\frac{1}{0+c^n}=\frac{1}{c^n}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^n}+\frac{1}{b^n}+\frac{1}{c^n}=\frac{1}{a^n+b^n+c^n}\)
Vậy ...
từ đề bài \(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b-c}=-\frac{b}{c-a}-\frac{c}{a-b}=\frac{-b\left(a-b\right)-c\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}=\frac{-ab+b^2-c^2+ac}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}=\frac{-ab+b^2-c^2+ac}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
Tương tự : \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\frac{-cb+c^2-a^2+ab}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\\\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\frac{-ac+a^2-b^2+bc}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\end{cases}}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được : \(\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+\frac{c^2}{\left(a-b\right)^2}\)
\(=\frac{-ab+b^2-c^2+ac-bc+c^2-a^2+ab-ac+a^2-b^2+bc}{\left(a-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}=0\)(đpcm)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}-\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}=\frac{c-a-b-c}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}=\frac{-\left(a+b\right)}{ac+bc+c^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ac+bc+c^2\right)=-\left(a+b\right)ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ac+bc+c^2\right)+\left(a+b\right)ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(ac+bc+c^2+ab\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left[a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
<=> a + b = 0 hoặc b + c = 0 hoặc c + a = 0
<=> a = -b hoặc b = -c hoặc c = -a
Vậy...
Ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{bc+ca+ab}{abc}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(bc+ca+ab\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(bc+ac+ab\right)\left(a+b+c\right)-abc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=0\\b+c=0\\c+a=0\end{cases}}\)
T>a có : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
=>\(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
=> \(\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
=> \(ab\left(a+b+c\right)+bc\left(a+b+c\right)+ca\left(a+b+c\right)=abc\)
=> \(a^2b+ab^2+abc+abc+b^2c+bc^2+ca^2+abc+ac^2=abc\)
=> \(a^2b+ab^2+b^2c+bc^2+ca^2+ac^2+2abc=0\)
=> \(\left(a^2b+2abc+bc^2\right)+\left(ab^2+2abc+ac^2\right)+\left(b^2c-2abc+ca^2\right)=0\)
=> \(b\left(a+c\right)^2+a\left(b+c\right)^2+c\left(a-b\right)^2=0\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a+c=0\\b+c=0\\a-b=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=-c\\b=-c\\a=b\end{cases}}}\)
=> trong 3 số a,b,c có 2 số đối nhau ( đpcm)
Thay a=-c ,b = -c vào \(\frac{1}{a^{2019}}+\frac{1}{b^{2019}}+\frac{1}{c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{\left(-c\right)^{2019}}+\frac{1}{\left(-c\right)^{2019}}+\frac{1}{c^{2019}}\)
\(=-\frac{1}{c^{2019}}\)(1)
\(\frac{1}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{\left(-c\right)^{2019}+\left(-c\right)^{2019}+c^{2019}}=-\frac{1}{c^{2019}}\) (2)
Từ (1),(2) => \(\frac{1}{a^{2019}}+\frac{1}{b^{2019}}+\frac{1}{c^{2019}}=\frac{1}{a^{2019}+b^{2019}+c^{2019}}\) (đpcm)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}+\frac{a+b}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left[ab+c\left(a+b+c\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=-b\left(h\right)b=-c\left(h\right)c=-a\)
Thay vào tính nốt
áp dụng BĐT sacxo nên \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{a+c}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{a}{b-c}+\frac{b}{c-a}+\frac{c}{a-b}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b-c}=-\frac{b}{c-a}-\frac{c}{a-b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b-c}=\frac{-b\left(a-b\right)-c\left(c-a\right)}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b-c}=\frac{-ab+b^2-c^2+ac}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}=\frac{-ab+b^2-c^2+ac}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}=\frac{-bc+c^2-a^2+ab}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
\(\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\frac{-ca+a^2-b^2+bc}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)
Cộng các đẳng thức trên ta được:
\(\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}\)\(+\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}\)\(+\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\)\(\frac{-ab+b^2-c^2+ac-bc+c^2-a^2+ba-ca+a^2-b^2+bc}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)
\(=\frac{0}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
Vậy \(\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}\)\(+\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}\)\(+\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\)0 (đpcm)
\(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}=\frac{b^2}{a+b}+\frac{c^2}{b+c}+\frac{a^2}{c+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2-b^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2-c^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2-a^2}{c+a}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)+\left(b-c\right)+\left(c-a\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)