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\(P=\dfrac{5a+10b+15c}{4}+\left(\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3a}{4}\right)+\left(\dfrac{9}{2b}+\dfrac{b}{2}\right)+\left(\dfrac{4}{c}+\dfrac{c}{4}\right)\)
\(\ge\dfrac{5\left(a+2b+3c\right)}{4}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{a}.\dfrac{3a}{4}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{2b}.\dfrac{b}{2}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{c}.\dfrac{c}{4}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{5.20}{4}+3+3+2=33\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=2;b=3;c=4
Vậy \(P_{min}=33\)
Đặt \(\dfrac{b}{c}=x\)
Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ab+bc=2c^2\\2a\le c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{c}.x+x=2\\\dfrac{a}{c}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{2-x}{x}\\\dfrac{2-x}{x}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{2-x}{x}\\x\ge\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta lại có:
\(\dfrac{a}{a-b}+\dfrac{b}{b-c}+\dfrac{c}{c-a}=\dfrac{\dfrac{a}{c}}{\dfrac{a}{c}-\dfrac{b}{c}}+\dfrac{\dfrac{b}{c}}{\dfrac{b}{c}-1}+\dfrac{1}{1-\dfrac{a}{c}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{2-x}{x}}{\dfrac{2-x}{x}-x}+\dfrac{x}{x-1}+\dfrac{1}{1-\dfrac{2-x}{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{3x^2+8x-4}{2x^2+2x-4}\)
\(=\dfrac{27}{5}+\dfrac{39x^2+14x-88}{2x^2+2x-4}=\dfrac{27}{5}+\dfrac{\left(3x-4\right)\left(13x+22\right)}{2\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)}\ge\dfrac{27}{5}\)
Vậy GTNN là \(\dfrac{27}{5}\) dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Bài 1)
Đưa về đồng bậc:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x^3-y^3=x+2y\\52x^2-82xy+21y^2=-9\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow-9\left(4x^3-y^3\right)=\left(x+2y\right)\left(52x^2-82xy+21y^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 8x^3+2x^2y-13xy^2+3y^3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (4x-y)(x-y)(2x+3y)\Rightarrow \) \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\4x=y\\2x=-3y\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay từng TH vào hệ phương trình ban đầu ta thấy chỉ TH \(x=y\) thỏa mãn.
\(\Leftrightarrow (x,y)=(1,1),(-1,-1)\)là nghiệm của HPT
Bài 2)
Đặt \(P=a+b+c+\frac{3}{4a}+\frac{9}{8b}+\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow 4P=4a+4b+4c+\frac{3}{a}+\frac{9}{2b}+\frac{4}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 4P=(a+2b+3c)+\left(3a+\frac{3}{a}\right)+\left(2b+\frac{9}{2b}\right)+\left(c+\frac{4}{c}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+\dfrac{3}{a}\ge6\\2b+\dfrac{9}{2b}\ge6\\c+\dfrac{4}{c}\ge4\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow 4P\geq (a+2b+3c)+6+6+4\geq 10+6+6+4=26\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\geq \frac{13}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \((a,b,c)=(1,\frac{3}{2},2)\)
Áp dụng BĐT B.C.S ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ac}+\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ac}\ge\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)
mặt khác do \(a+b+c\le3\Rightarrow\dfrac{9}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ac}+\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ac}\ge1\)(*)
ta lại có \(ab+bc+ac\le\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2007}{ab+bc+ac}\ge\dfrac{2007}{3}=669\)(**)
lấy (*)+(**) vế theo vế ta được
\(\dfrac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\dfrac{2009}{ab+bc+ac}\ge669+1=670\left(dpcm\right)\)
3a)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}+\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=2\\\dfrac{2}{x-2}-\dfrac{3}{2y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) (ĐK: x≠2;y≠\(\dfrac{1}{2}\))
Đặt \(\dfrac{1}{x-2}=a;\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=b\) (ĐK: a>0; b>0)
Hệ phương trình đã cho trở thành
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=2\\2a-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\2\left(2-b\right)-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\4-2b-3b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2-b\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{7}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\b=\dfrac{3}{5}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Khi đó \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x-2}=\dfrac{7}{5}\\\dfrac{1}{2y-1}=\dfrac{3}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\left(x-2\right)=5\\3\left(2y-1\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x-14=5\\6y-3=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{19}{7}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\\y=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm duy nhất (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{19}{7};\dfrac{4}{3}\right)\)
b) Bạn làm tương tự như câu a kết quả là (x;y)=\(\left(\dfrac{12}{5};\dfrac{-14}{5}\right)\)
c)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\2\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{y}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)(ĐK: x≥1;y≥0)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{y}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7\sqrt{x-1}=13\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49\left(x-1\right)=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}49x-49=169\\\sqrt{y}=2\sqrt{x-1}-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{218}{49}\\y=\dfrac{4}{49}\end{matrix}\right.\left(TM\text{Đ}K\right)\)
Bài 4:
Theo đề, ta có hệ:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3\left(3a-2\right)-2\left(2b+1\right)=30\\3\left(a+2\right)+2\left(3b-1\right)=-20\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>9a-6-4b-2=30 và 3a+6+6b-2=-20
=>9a-4b=38 và 3a+6b=-20+2-6=-24
=>a=2; b=-5
a) Câu này biến đổi tương đương
b)
Ta có : \(a^2\left(a-1\right)^2\left(2+a\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2\left(3a-a^3-2\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a^3+6-a^5-2a^2\le6\Leftrightarrow\left(3-a^2\right)\left(a^3+2\right)\le6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^3+2}\ge\dfrac{3-a^2}{6}\)
Tương tự với b , c ta có :
\(\sum\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+2}\right)\ge\sum\left(\dfrac{3-a^2}{6}\right)=\dfrac{9-\sum a^2}{6}=1\)
bài này làm r` mà ko nhớ ở đâu, cx bận nên ngại làm lại ==
Vừa read trên face bài này xong '_'