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\(a+b+c=abc\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)
\(VT=\frac{x^2yz}{1+yz}+\frac{xy^2z}{1+zx}+\frac{xyz^2}{1+xy}=\frac{x^2yz}{xy+yz+yz+zx}+\frac{xy^2z}{xy+zx+yz+zx}+\frac{xyz^2}{xy+yz+xy+zx}\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x^2yz}{xy+yz}+\frac{x^2yz}{yz+zx}+\frac{xy^2z}{xy+zx}+\frac{xy^2z}{yz+zx}+\frac{xyz^2}{xy+yz}+\frac{xyz^2}{xy+zx}\right)\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x^2y}{x+y}+\frac{xy^2}{x+y}+\frac{y^2z}{y+z}+\frac{yz^2}{y+z}+\frac{x^2z}{x+z}+\frac{xz^2}{x+z}\right)\)
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=\frac{1}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{1+a}=2-\frac{1}{1+b}-\frac{1}{1+c}=\left(1-\frac{1}{1+b}\right)+\left(1-\frac{1}{1+c}\right)\ge\frac{b}{1+b}+\frac{c}{1+c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{1}{1+b}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ac}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+c\right)}}\)
\(\frac{1}{1+c}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)}}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{1+a}.\frac{1}{1+b}.\frac{1}{1+c}\ge\frac{8abc}{\left(1+a\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)}\)
=> \(abc\le\frac{1}{8}\)
"=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1/2
Vậy max P = abc = 1/8 đạt tại a = b = c =1/2
https://www.facebook.com/OnThiDaiHocKhoiA/posts/508217699295984
Ta có:\(P=a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+b^2+\frac{1}{b^2}+c^2+\frac{1}{c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)(bđt cauchy-schwarz)
\(P\ge\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{81}+\frac{9}{a^2+b^2+c^2}+\frac{80\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{81}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2}{3}+\frac{80\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{81}\left(AM-GM\right)\)
Sử dụng đánh giá quen thuộc:\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}=27\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2}{3}+\frac{80\cdot27}{81}=\frac{82}{3}\)
"="<=>a=b=c=3
Áp dụng Bunhiacopxki:
\(\left(a+1\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{b}}+1.1\right)^2\le\left(ab+1\right)\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+1\right)=\dfrac{\left(ab+1\right)\left(a+b\right)}{b}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{b}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(b+1\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(a+b\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+1\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{b}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(a+b\right)}+\dfrac{a}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(a+b\right)}=\dfrac{1}{ab+1}\)
Mà \(abc=1\Rightarrow ab=\dfrac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(a+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b+1\right)^2}\ge\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{c}+1}=\dfrac{c}{c+1}\)
Theo nguyên lý Dirichlet, trong 3 số a;b;c luôn có ít nhất 2 số cùng phía so với 1. Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử đó là a và b
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)\left(b-1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+1\ge a+b\)
\(\Rightarrow2ab+2\ge ab+a+b+1=\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{ab+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{\left(ab+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}=\dfrac{c}{\left(c+1\right)^2}\)
Gọi vế trái BĐT cần c/m là P
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{c}{c+1}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c+1\right)^2}+\dfrac{c}{\left(c+1\right)^2}=1\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)