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Ta CM BĐT phụ sau: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}},a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)( co si với a,b>0)
Suy ra \(\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge4\RightarrowĐPCM\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\left(1\right)\)
a/Áp dụng (1) có
\(\frac{1}{a+b+2c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)\left(2\right)\).Tương tự ta cũng có:
\(\frac{1}{b+c+2a}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\left(3\right),\frac{1}{c+a+2b}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+b}\right)\left(4\right)\)
Cộng (2),(3) và (4) có \(VT\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(6+6\right)=3\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
b/Áp dụng (1) có:
\(\frac{1}{3a+3b+2c}=\frac{1}{\left(a+b+2c\right)+2\left(a+b\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b+2c}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+b\right)}\right)\left(5\right)\)
Tương tự có: \(\frac{1}{3a+2b+3c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+c+2b}+\frac{1}{2\left(a+c\right)}\right)\left(6\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{2a+3b+3c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{2\left(b+c\right)}\right)\left(7\right)\)
Cộng (5),(6) và (7) có:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a+b+2c}+\frac{1}{a+c+2b}+\frac{1}{2a+b+c}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)\right)\le\frac{1}{4}.9=\frac{3}{2}\)
Do a ; b ; c \(\ge1>0\) , áp dụng BĐT Cô - si cho 2 số , ta được :
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
=> BĐT được c/m
Áp dụng BĐT trên vào bài toán , ta có :
\(\frac{1}{2a-1}+1\ge\frac{4}{2a-1+1}=\frac{2}{a}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{1}{2b-1}+1\ge\frac{2}{b};\frac{1}{2c-1}+1\ge\frac{2}{c}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) ; ( 2 ) , ta có : \(\frac{1}{2a-1}+\frac{1}{2b-1}+\frac{1}{2c-1}+3\ge\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}\left(3\right)\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT phụ \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\) ( đã c/m ) , ta có :
\(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{2}{c}=\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge\frac{4}{a+b}+\frac{4}{b+c}+\frac{4}{a+c}\left(4\right)\)
Từ ( 3 ) ; ( 4 ) \(\Rightarrow\) đpcm
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2a-1=1\\2b-1=1\\2c-1=1;a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Vậy ...
Lời giải :
\(P=\frac{1}{a+2b}+\frac{1}{b+2c}+\frac{1}{c+2a}\)
\(P=\frac{1}{9}\cdot\left(\frac{9}{a+b+b}+\frac{9}{b+c+c}+\frac{9}{c+a+a}\right)\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy dạng \(\frac{9}{x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\)ta có :
\(P\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{2}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{2}{c}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{2}{a}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{3}{b}+\frac{3}{c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\cdot9=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Theo Cauchy: \(\frac{1}{a+2b}=\frac{1}{a+b+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự hai BĐT còn lại và cộng theo vế thu được:
\(P\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=3\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1.
Vậy..
ta có \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{2}{b}\Rightarrow b=\frac{2ac}{a+c}\)
thay b vào\(\frac{a+b}{2a-b}+\frac{c+b}{2c-b}=\frac{a+3c}{2a}+\frac{c+3a}{2c}\)
\(=\frac{2ac+3\left(a^2+c^2\right)}{2ac}\ge\frac{2ac+6ac}{2ac}=4\)
1) Áp dụng bunhiacopxki ta được \(\sqrt{\left(2a^2+b^2\right)\left(2a^2+c^2\right)}\ge\sqrt{\left(2a^2+bc\right)^2}=2a^2+bc\), tương tự với các mẫu ta được vế trái \(\le\frac{a^2}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{b^2}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{c^2}{2c^2+ab}\le1< =>\)\(1-\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+1-\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+1-\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\le2< =>\)
\(\frac{bc}{2a^2+bc}+\frac{ac}{2b^2+ac}+\frac{ab}{2c^2+ab}\ge1\)<=> \(\frac{b^2c^2}{2a^2bc+b^2c^2}+\frac{a^2c^2}{2b^2ac+a^2c^2}+\frac{a^2b^2}{2c^2ab+a^2b^2}\ge1\) (1)
áp dụng (x2 +y2 +z2)(m2+n2+p2) \(\ge\left(xm+yn+zp\right)^2\)
(2a2bc +b2c2 + 2b2ac+a2c2 + 2c2ab+a2b2). VT\(\ge\left(bc+ca+ab\right)^2\) <=> (ab+bc+ca)2. VT \(\ge\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2< =>VT\ge1\) ( vậy (1) đúng)
dấu '=' khi a=b=c
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(P=\frac{1}{\left(a+2\right)+\left(a+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b+2\right)+\left(b+2\right)+\left(c+2\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c+2\right)+\left(c+2\right)+\left(a+2\right)}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{2}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}\right)+\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{2}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\right)+\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{2}{c+2}+\frac{1}{a+2}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}\right)\)
Dễ dàng cm BĐT \(\frac{1}{x+1}+\frac{1}{y+1}\ge\frac{2}{1+\sqrt{xy}}\)
\(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{1+\frac{a}{2}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{b}{2}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{c}{2}}\right)\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}.\frac{3}{1+\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{8}}}=\frac{3}{4}\Rightarrow P\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=2\)
À viết ngược dấu BĐT phụ r` :v
\(\frac{1}{1+x}+\frac{1}{1+y}\le\frac{2}{1+\sqrt{xy}}\) mới đúng nhé :v
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(\sqrt{xy}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(1+\sqrt{xy}\right)}\le0\)
Bài 1: diendantoanhoc.net
Đặt \(a=\frac{1}{x};b=\frac{1}{y};c=\frac{1}{z}\) BĐT cần chứng minh trở thành
\(\frac{x}{\sqrt{3zx+2yz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3xy+2xz}}+\frac{x}{\sqrt{3yz+2xy}}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt{5}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{5x}\cdot\sqrt{3y+2z}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{5y}\cdot\sqrt{3z+2x}}\ge\frac{3}{5}\)
Theo BĐT AM-GM và Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{5z}\cdot\sqrt{3x+2y}}\ge2\)\( {\displaystyle \displaystyle \sum }\)\(\frac{x}{3x+2y+5z}\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x\left(3x+2y+5z\right)+y\left(5x+3y+2z\right)+z\left(2x+5y+3z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+7\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(\ge\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{1}{3}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+\frac{20}{3}\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}{5\left[x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]}=\frac{3}{5}\)
Bổ sung bài 1:
BĐT được chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra <=> a=b=c
Hình như đề sai, theo mik là nó lớn hơn bằng 3/2 nhé (ko biết đúng ko)
\(\frac{a}{b^2c+1}+\frac{b}{c^2a+1}+\frac{c}{a^2b+1}=\frac{a^2}{ab^2c+a}+\frac{b^2}{bc^2a+b}+\frac{c^2}{ca^2b+c}\)
Do a,b,c là 3 số thực dương nên áp dụng BĐT Cauchy Schwarz cho 3 phân số:
\(\frac{a^2}{ab^2c+a}+\frac{b^2}{bc^2a+b}+\frac{c^2}{ca^2b+c}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab^2c+bc^2a+ca^2b+a+b+c}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{9}{3abc+3}\)(Thay a+b+c=3)
Lại có: \(abc\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{27}=\frac{3^3}{27}=1\)(BĐT Cauchy cho 3 số)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{9}{3abc+3}\ge\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{ab^2c+a}+\frac{b^2}{bc^2a+b}+\frac{c^2}{ca^2b+c}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{b^2c+1}+\frac{b}{c^2a+1}+\frac{c}{a^2b+1}\ge\frac{3}{2}.\)