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Có : (b+c)^2 <= 2 (b^2+c^2) => a^2/a^2+(b+c)^2 >= a^2+a^2+2b^2+2c^2 = 2a^2+2b^2+2c^2/a^2+2b^2+2c^2 - 1
Tương tự b^2/b^2+(c+a)^2 >= 2a^2+2b^2+2c^2/b^2+2c^2+2a^2 - 1
c^2/c^2+(a+b)^2 >= 2a^2+2b^2+2c^2/c^2+2a^2+2b^2 - 1
=> VT >= 2.(a^2+b^2+c^2).(1/a^2+2b^2+2c^2+1/b^2+2c^2+2a^2+1/c^2+2a^2+2b^2) - 3
>= 2.(a^2+b^2+c^2).(9/a^2+2b^2+2c^2+b^2+2c^2+2a^2+c^2+2a^2+2b^2) - 3 = 2.9/5 - 3 = 3/5 => ĐPCM
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c >0
có a + b + c = 0
\(\Rightarrow\)a + b = -c
\(\Rightarrow\)(a + b)3 = (-c)3
\(\Rightarrow\)a3 + b3 + 3ab(a + b) = -c3
\(\Rightarrow\) a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
b) có a + b + c = 0
nên a + b = c
(a + b)2 = c2
nên c2 - a2 - b2 = 2ab
cm tương tự ta có \(a^2-b^2-c^2=2bc\);\(b^2-a^2-c^2=2ac\)
\(P=\frac{a^2}{a^2-b^2-c^2}+\frac{b^2}{b^2-a^2-c^2}+\frac{c^2}{c^2-a^2-b^2}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{2bc}+\frac{b^2}{2ac}+\frac{c^2}{2ab}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{abc}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\cdot3=1,5\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có: \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ac\)
\(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\)
mà \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3a^2+3b^2+3c^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ac+a^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\forall a,b\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\forall b,c\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\forall a,c\end{matrix}\right.\)
Mà \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow}a=b=c\Rightarrowđpcm}\)