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Câu 1: a)
b) Áp dụng Bđt Holder ta có:
\(\Rightarrow9\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{27}=\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^3\)(đpcm)
Dấu = khi a=b=c
Câu 2:
Áp dụng Bđt \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{a+b+1+1}=\frac{4}{3}\)(Đpcm)
Dấu = khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Câu 3:
Áp dụng Bđt \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}=9\left(a+b+c=1\right)\)(Đpcm)
Dấu = khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Câu 4: nghĩ sau
cho a,b,c > 0 , tm a +b +c = 1 . CM : \(a^4/(a^3 + b^3) + b^4/(b^3 + c^3 )+ c^4/(c^3 + a^3) >= 1/2\)
5.
ĐKXĐ: \(0\le x\le1\)
\(P=\sqrt{1-x}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1+x}+\sqrt{x}\)
\(P\ge\sqrt{1-x+x}+\sqrt{1+x+x}=1+\sqrt{1+2x}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=2\) khi \(x=0\)
6.
\(3=a^2+b^2+ab\ge2ab+ab=3ab\Rightarrow ab\le1\)
\(3=a^2+b^2+ab\ge-2ab+ab=-ab\Rightarrow ab\ge-3\)
\(\Rightarrow-3\le ab\le1\)
\(a^2+b^2+ab=3\Rightarrow a^2+b^2=3-ab\)
Ta có:
\(P=\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2-2a^2b^2-ab\)
\(P=\left(3-ab\right)^2-2a^2b^2-ab=-a^2b^2-7ab+9\)
Đặt \(ab=x\Rightarrow-3\le x\le1\)
\(P=-x^2-7x+9=21-\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\le21\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{max}=21\) khi \(x=-3\) hay \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(-\sqrt{3};\sqrt{3}\right)\) và hoán vị
\(P=-x^2-7x+9=1+\left(1-x\right)\left(x+8\right)\ge1\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=1\) khi \(x=1\) hay \(a=b=1\)
1. \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=6\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z+xy+yz+zx=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z+\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)^2+3\left(x+y+z\right)-18\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+z+6\right)\left(x+y+z-3\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\ge3\)
Vậy \(P=\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}=x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{3}.3^2=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
2. Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:
\(Q^2\le3\left(2a+bc+2b+ac+2c+ab\right)\)
\(Q^2\le6\left(a+b+c\right)+3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(Q^2\le6\left(a+b+c\right)+\left(a+b+c\right)^2=16\)
\(\Rightarrow Q\le4\Rightarrow Q_{max}=4\) khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
Từ giả thiết: \(3=\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{1}{abc}}\Rightarrow abc\ge1\)
Lại có:
\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2.b^2c^2.c^2a^2}=3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^4}\ge3\sqrt[3]{1^4}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow6\le2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:
\(\left(a^4+b^4+1\right)\left(1+1+c^4\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a^4+b^4+1}\le\dfrac{c^4+2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{1}{b^4+c^4+1}\le\dfrac{a^4+2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c^4+a^4+1}\le\dfrac{b^4+2}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)
Cộng vế: \(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{a^4+b^4+c^4+6}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\le\dfrac{a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}=1\)
\(P_{max}=1\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)