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Gọi \(2bc+b^2 +c^2-a^2=VT\)
và \(4p\left(p-a\right)=VP\)
Biến đổi VP ta có :
\(4p\left(p-a\right)=2p\left(2p-2a\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b-c-a\right)\)
\(=2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2=VT\) (đpcm)
Vậy ......
Ta có: \(a+b+c=2p\)
\(\Rightarrow b+c=2p-a\Rightarrow\left(b+c\right)^2=\left(2p-a\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow b^2+2bc+c^2=4p^2-4pa+a^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2=4p\left(p-a\right)\)(đpcm)
Vậy....
2)
M= (x-a)(x-b)+(x-b)(x-c)+(x-c)(x-a)+x^2
= x^2-bx-ax+ab+x^2-cx-bx+bc+x^2-ax-cx+ac+x^2
= 4x^2-2bx-2ax-2cx+ab+bc+ac
=4x^2-2x(a+b+c)+ab+bc+ac
= 2x [ 2x-(a+b+c)2x] +ab+bc+ac (1)
Mặt khác : x=\(\frac{1}{2}\)a+\(\frac{1}{2}\)b+\(\frac{1}{2}\)c
<=> x =\(\frac{1}{2}\)(a+b+c)
<=>2x=a+b+c
=> Vế phải của (1) bằng : a+b+c (a+b+c-a-b-c)+ab+bc+ac
<=> ( a+b+c ).0 + ab+bc+ac
<=> ab+bc+ac
hay M= ab+bc+ac
Vậy M=ab+bc+ac
a. \(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2=a^2+b^2-2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2=-2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=0\Leftrightarrow a=-b\) (đpcm)
b. \(a^2+b^2+c^2+3=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3-2a-2b-2c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)+\left(c^2-2c+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(a-1\right)^2;\left(b-1\right)^2;\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2=\left(b-1\right)^2=\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-1=b-1=c-1=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
c. \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Tương tự câu b ta có a = b = c
\(2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2\)
\(=\left(b+c+a\right)\cdot\left(b+c-a\right)\)
\(=2p\cdot\left(2p-a-a\right)\)
\(=4p\left(p-a\right)\)
Xét \(VP=4p.\left(p-a\right)=2p.2.\left(p-a\right)=2p.\left(2p-2a\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\)
\(ab+ac-a^2+b^2+bc-ab+bc+c^2-ac=2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2=VT\)
Vậy ta có đpcm
2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2=(b+c)^2-a^2=(b+c-a)(b+c+a)=(2p-a-a)2p=(2p-2a)2p=2.2p(p-a)=4p(p-a)
Vế phải = (b + c)2 - a2 = (b + c - a). (b +c + a) = (2p -a - a).2p = 2.(p -a).2p = 4p. (p- a) = Vế trái
vậy...
\(2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2\)
\(=\left(b+c\right)^2-a^2\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(b+c-a\right)\)
\(=2p\left(a+b+c-2a\right)\)
\(=2p\left(2p-2a\right)=4p\left(p-a\right)\)
biến đổi vế phải ta được:
4p(p -a ) = 4p\(^2\)-4pa
=(2p)\(^2\)-2p.2a
=(a+b+c)\(^2\)-2a(a+b+c)
=\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc\)-\(2a^2-2ab-2ac\)
=\(2bc+b^2+c^2-a^2\)=vế trái (đpcm)