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Đề bài sai, giả sử \(a=0;b=-1;c=4\) thì biểu thức ko xác định
Do đó điều kiện phải là a;b;c là số thực dương
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{a}}+1+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{b}}+1+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{c}}+1\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a}}-1\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b}}-1\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{c}}-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy BĐT ban đầu đúng
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Điều kiện \(a+b+c=3\) thừa ko biết để làm gì :)
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi ta có \(\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}.\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}}=1\)
Tương tự \(\frac{bc}{b^2+c^2}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{4bc}\ge1\) \(\frac{ca}{c^2+a^2}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{4ca}\ge1\)
Khi đó BĐT sẽ được chứng minh nếu ta chỉ ra được
\(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\left(\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}+\frac{b^2+c^2}{4bc}+\frac{c^2+a^2}{4ca}\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}-\left(\frac{a}{4b}+\frac{b}{4a}+\frac{b}{4c}+\frac{c}{4b}+\frac{a}{4c}+\frac{c}{4a}\right)\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a+b+c}{a}+\frac{a+b+c}{b}+\frac{a+b+c}{c}-\frac{a+c}{b}-\frac{b+c}{a}-\frac{c+a}{b}\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}\)(do \(a+b+c=1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\) luôn đúng. Từ đó suy ba BĐT được chứng minh. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
a/ \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-2xy\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng
b/ \(\frac{a}{a+b^2}=\frac{a}{a\left(a+b+c\right)+b^2}=\frac{a}{a^2+b^2+a\left(b+c\right)}\le\frac{a}{2ab+a\left(b+c\right)}=\frac{1}{b+b+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+b^2}=\frac{1}{b+b+b+c}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{3}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\frac{b}{b+c^2}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{3}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\) ; \(\frac{c}{c+a^2}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{3}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(VT\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{4}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{4}{c}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Lời giải
Ta có: \(\left(a+b+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2=\frac{1}{16}\left(4a+4b-1\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)\ge a+b\)
Tương tự: \(\left(b+c+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge b+c;\left(c+a+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge c+a\)
Như vậy: \(L.H.S\left(VT\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+a\right)=\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{a}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{b}}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{b}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{c}}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{c}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{a}}\right)\)
\(\ge4\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}}\right)=R.H.S\left(VP\right)\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{8}\). Ta có đpcm.
khác cách tth xíu
Ta có:
\(VP=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{4}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{4}{\frac{4}{a+b}}=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Gio ta di chung minh
\(VT\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Ta lai co:
\(VT=\Sigma_{cyc}\left(a+b+\frac{1}{4}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left[2\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{3}{4}\right]^2}{3}\)
Chung minh
\(\frac{\left[2\left(a+b+c\right)+\frac{3}{4}\right]^2}{3}\ge2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[2\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{4}\right]^2\ge0\) (đúng)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}}=\)\(\sqrt{\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{abc}}\)=\(\sqrt{\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}=\)\(|\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}|\)
\(\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{3^2}}=\sqrt{1+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{\left(-3\right)^2}}\)\(=|\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{-3}|=1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\)
Tương tự ta có M=\(1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+1+\frac{1}{99}-\frac{1}{100}\)=\(98+\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{99}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{100}\right)\)\(=98+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{100}=\frac{9849}{100}\)
Bài 1:
Đặt \(a^2=x;b^2=y;c^2=z\)
Ta có:\(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}}+\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}}\le\frac{3}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cô si ta có:
\(\sqrt{\frac{x}{x+y}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\sqrt{\frac{4x\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}\frac{3\left(x+z\right)}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left[\frac{4x\left(x+y+z\right)}{3\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{3\left(x+z\right)}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\right]\)
Tương tự với \(\sqrt{\frac{y}{y+z}}\)và \(\sqrt{\frac{z}{z+x}}\)
Cộng lại ta được:
\(\frac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\left[\frac{x\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}+\frac{z\left(x+y+z\right)}{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}\right]+\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\le\frac{3}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
Sau đó bình phương hai vế rồi
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\ge8xyz\)đẳng thức đúng
Vậy...
Bài 2:
Trước hết ta chứng minh bất đẳng thức sau:
\(\frac{a}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{b}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{c}{4c+4a+b}\le\frac{1}{3}\)
Nhân cả hai vế bđt với 4(a+b+c)4(a+b+c) rồi thu gọn ta được bđt sau:
\(\frac{4a\left(a+b+c\right)}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{4b\left(a+b+c\right)}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{4c\left(a+b+c\right)}{4c+4a+b}\)\(\le\frac{4}{3}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\left[\frac{4a\left(a+b+c\right)}{4a+4b+}-a\right]+\left[\frac{4b\left(a+b+c\right)}{4b+4c+a}-b\right]+\left[\frac{4c\left(a+b+c\right)}{4c+4a+b}-c\right]\le\frac{a+b+c}{3}\)
\(\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{ab}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{bc}{4c+4a+b}\le\frac{a+b+c}{9}\)
Áp dụng bđt cauchy-Schwarz ta có \(\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}=\frac{ca}{\left(2b+c\right)+2\left(2a+b\right)}\)\(\le\frac{ca}{9}\left(\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{2}{2a+b}\right)\)
Từ đó ta có:
\(\text{∑}\frac{ca}{4a+4b+c}\le\frac{1}{9}\text{∑}\left(\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\frac{2ca}{2a+b}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\text{ ∑}\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\text{ ∑}\frac{2ca}{2a+b}\right)\)\(=\frac{1}{9}\left(\text{ ∑}\frac{ca}{2b+c}+\text{ ∑}\frac{2ab}{2b+c}\right)=\frac{a+b+c}{9}\)
Đặt VT=A rồi áp dụng bđt cauchy-Schwarz cho VT ta có
\(T^2\le3\left(\frac{a}{4a+4b+c}+\frac{b}{4b+4c+a}+\frac{c}{4c+4a+b}\right)\)\(\le3\cdot\frac{1}{3}=1\Leftrightarrow T\le1\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
c bạn tự làm nhé mình mệt rồi :D
\(VT=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(VT\ge\frac{2}{a+b}+\frac{2}{b+c}+\frac{2}{c+a}=\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{c+a}\right)\)
\(VT\ge\frac{4}{a+2b+c}+\frac{4}{a+b+2c}+\frac{4}{2a+b+c}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)