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a, Áp dụng \(x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
Áp dụng \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\forall x,y>0\)
Ta có: \(A=\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(2+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(2+\frac{4}{a+b}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(2+4\right)^2}{2}=18\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
b, Áp dụng \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
Áp dụng \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\forall x,y,z>0\)
Ta có: \(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(3+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(3+\frac{9}{a+b+c}\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(3+6\right)^2}{3}=27\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
* Các BĐT phụ bạn tự CM nha! Chúc bạn học tốt
Câu hỏi của Nguyễn Thiều Công Thành - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
ta có \(Q=\frac{a^2+2a+1}{2a^2+\left(1-a\right)^2}+...\)
\(=\frac{a^2+2a+1}{3a^2-2a+1}+...=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{\frac{8}{3}a+\frac{2}{3}}{3a^2-2a+1}+...\)
\(=1+\frac{\frac{8}{3}a+\frac{2}{3}}{3a^2-2a+1}+\frac{\frac{8}{3}b+\frac{2}{3}}{3b^2-2b+1}+\frac{\frac{8}{3}c+\frac{2}{3}}{3c^2-2c+1}\)
mà \(3a^2-2a+1=3\left(a-\frac{1}{3}\right)^2+\frac{2}{3}\ge\frac{2}{3}\)
=>\(\frac{\frac{8}{3}a+\frac{2}{3}}{3a^2-2a+1}\le\frac{\frac{8}{3}a+\frac{2}{3}}{\frac{2}{3}}=\frac{3}{2}\left(\frac{8}{3}a+\frac{2}{3}\right)=4a+1\)
tương tự mấy cái kia rồi + vào, ta có
\(Q\le1+4\left(a+b+c\right)+3=8\)
dấu = xảy ra <=>a=b=c=1/3
^_^
a.
\(A=\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}=\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)+\frac{1}{2ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{a^2+2ab+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}=6\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
b.
\(B=\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{3}{a^2+b^2}=3\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)+\frac{1}{2ab}\)
\(\ge3\cdot\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}=14\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
c.
Ta có:
\(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\) với mọi x,y
Áp dụng ta có:
\(C=\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(1+\frac{4}{a+b}\right)^2}{2}=\frac{25}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
2.
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunhiacopxki ta có:
\(\left[\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^2\right]\left[\left(\frac{a}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{b}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2\right]\ge\left(\sqrt{x}\cdot\frac{a}{\sqrt{x}}+\sqrt{y}\cdot\frac{b}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}\)
Áp dụng nó ta chứng minh được:
\(\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)
Áp dụng vào bài làm:
\(D=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a^2}{ab+ca}+\frac{b^2}{bc+ab}+\frac{c^2}{ca+bc}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+ca+bc+ab+ca+bc}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bu-nhi-a-cốp-ski, ta có:
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\frac{a}{\left(ac+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ca+c+1\right)^2}\right]\)
\(\ge\left(\frac{a}{ac+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}\right)^2\) \(\left(1\right)\)
Lại có: \(\frac{a}{ac+a+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{c}{ca+c+1}\)
\(=\frac{a}{ac+a+abc}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{abc+bc+b}\) ( Do abc=1 )
\(=\frac{1}{bc+b+1}+\frac{b}{bc+b+1}+\frac{bc}{bc+b+1}\)
\(=1\) \(\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1) và (2) suy ra \(\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\frac{a}{\left(ac+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ca+c+1\right)^2}\right]\ge1\)
Mà \(a;b;c>0\Rightarrow a+b+c>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\left(ac+a+1\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(bc+b+1\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(ca+c+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{1}{a+b+c}\) (đpcm)
9) bài này nhiều cách thay lắm. chả biết cách nào nhanh hơn.
ĐK : ...
\(N=\frac{a+x+1}{a+x}:\frac{a^2+ax-a}{a+x}.\left[\frac{2ax-1+\left(a^2+x^2\right)}{2ax}\right]\)
\(N=\frac{a+x+1}{a+x}.\frac{a+x}{a\left(a+x-1\right)}.\frac{\left(a+x\right)^2-1}{2ax}\)
\(N=\frac{a+x+1}{a\left(a+x-1\right)}.\frac{\left(a+x-1\right)\left(a+x+1\right)}{2ax}\)
\(N=\frac{\left(a+x+1\right)^2}{2a^2x}=\frac{\left(a+1+\frac{1}{a-1}\right)^2}{\frac{2a^2}{a-1}}\)
\(N=\frac{\left(\frac{\left(a+1\right)\left(a-1\right)+1}{a-1}\right)^2}{\frac{2a^2}{a-1}}=\frac{\left(\frac{a^2}{a-1}\right)^2}{\frac{2a^2}{a-1}}=\frac{\frac{a^4}{\left(a-1\right)^2}}{\frac{2a^2}{a-1}}=\frac{a^2}{2\left(a-1\right)}\)
10) \(3a^2+3b^2=10ab\Leftrightarrow3a^2-10ab+3b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3a^2-9ab\right)-\left(ab-3b^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3a\left(a-3b\right)-b\left(a-3b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3a-b\right)\left(a-3b\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}3a=b\\a=3b\left(loai-vi-b>a>0\right)\end{cases}}\)
Thay 3a = b vào biểu thức, ta có :
\(P=\frac{a-b}{a+b}=\frac{a-3a}{a+3a}=\frac{-2a}{4a}=\frac{-1}{2}\)
Đặt \(x=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}=x^2-2\)
Xét mẫu thức : \(\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)=x^2-x-2=\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
Thay \(x=\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\) được mẫu thức : \(\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\right)\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}-2\right)=\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\right).\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}\)
Ta có : \(P=\frac{\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{\frac{a^2}{b^2}+\frac{b^2}{a^2}-\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)}=\frac{\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\right).\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{a^2b^2}}{\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}+1\right).\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{ab}}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2}{a^2b^2}.\frac{ab}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=\frac{1}{ab}\) (đpcm)
b) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy :
\(1=4a+b+\sqrt{ab}\ge2\sqrt{4a.b}+\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow5\sqrt{ab}\le1\Rightarrow ab\le\frac{1}{25}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{1}{ab}\ge25\) . Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\begin{cases}4a+b+\sqrt{ab}=1\\4a=b\end{cases}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\begin{cases}a=\frac{1}{10}\\b=\frac{2}{5}\end{cases}\)
Vậy P đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất bằng 25 tại \(\left(a;b\right)=\left(\frac{1}{10};\frac{2}{5}\right)\)
pn ơi , bđt cauchy : \(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
s lại là \(2\sqrt{4a.b}+\sqrt{ab}\)
Mình học lớp 8 nên vẫn chưa biết "Min" là gì vậy bạn?
\(S=\left(a+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\)
\(=a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+b^2+\frac{1}{b^2}+4\)
Dễ có:\(a^2+b^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge\frac{2}{ab}\ge\frac{2}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}}=\frac{8}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=8\)
Khi đó:\(S\ge\frac{1}{2}+8+4=\frac{25}{2}\)
Vậy ta có đpcm