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a, a+b+c=0 => a+b=-c
=>(a+b)3=(-c)3
=>a3+3ab(a+b)+b3=-c3
=>a3-3abc+b3=-c3
=>a3+b3+c3=3abc
b, a2+b2+c2=ab+bc+ca
<=>2(a2+b2+c2)=2(ab+bc+ca)
<=>2a2+2b2+2c2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0
<=>(a2-2ab+b2)+(b2-2bc+c2)+(c2-2ca+a2)=0
<=>(a-b)2+(b-c)2+(c-a)2=0
Mà \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0;\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0;\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow a=b=c}\)
\(\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc}{a+b+c}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)-3abc}{a+b+c}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-c\left(a+b\right)+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}\)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)}{a+b+c}=a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\right]\ge0\) (đpcm)
Cho các số a, b, c thỏa mãn a^3+ b^3+ c^3= 3abc với a, b, c khác 0. Chứng minh a+ b+c = 0 hoặc a=b=c
a3 + b3 + c3 = 3abc
⇒ a3 + b3 + c3 - 3abc = 0
⇒ ( a3 + b3 ) + c3 - 3abc = 0
⇒ ( a + b )3 - 3ab( a + b ) + c3 - 3abc = 0
⇒ [ ( a + b )3 + c3 ] - [ 3ab( a + b ) + 3abc ] = 0
⇒ ( a + b + c )[ ( a + b )2 - ( a + b ).c + c2 ] - 3ab( a + b + c ) = 0
⇒ ( a + b + c )( a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac ) = 0
⇒ \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\end{cases}}\)
+) a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac = 0
⇒ 2( a2 + b2 + c2 - ab - bc - ac ) = 2.0
⇒ 2a2 + 2b2 + 2c2 - 2ab - 2bc - 2ac = 0
⇒ ( a2 - 2ab + b2 ) + ( b2 - 2bc + c2 ) + ( a2 - 2ac + c2 ) = 0
⇒ ( a - b )2 + ( b - c )2 + ( a - c )2 = 0
VT ≥ 0 ∀ a,b,c . Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = b = c
⇒ a + b + c = 0 hoặc a = b = c ( đpcm )
thay a^3+b^3=(a+b)^3 -3ab(a+b) .Ta có :
a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0
<=>(a+b)^3 -3ab(a+b) +c^3 - 3abc=0
<=>[(a+b)^3 +c^3] -3ab.(a+b+c)=0
<=>(a+b+c). [(a+b)^2 -c.(a+b)+c^2] -3ab(a+b+c)=0
<=>(a+b+c).(a^2+2ab+b^2-ca-cb+c^2-3ab)...
<=>(a+b+c).(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca)=0
luôn đúng do a+b+c=0
Vì \(0\le a,b,c\le2\)nên:
\(abc+\left(2-a\right)\left(2-b\right)\left(2-c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc+2bc-abc+2ac-4c+2ab-4b-4a+8\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2bc+2ac+2ab-4\left(a+b+c\right)+8\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)-12+8\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\ge4\)
Do đó: \(a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a+b+c\right)^2-2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\le3^2-4=5\)
(Dấu "="\(\Leftrightarrow\)(a,b,c) là các hoán vị của (0,1,2))
Ta có:\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+c^3-3abc=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right).\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right).c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a=b=c\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow dpcm\)
Ta có:
\(a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)+3abc=3abc\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b+c=0\\a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có:
\(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
Mà \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(c-a\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\c-a=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\c=a\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)