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\(A=\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{12}+\dfrac{1}{30}+...+\dfrac{1}{2450}\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+\dfrac{1}{5.6}+...+\dfrac{1}{49.50}\)
\(A=1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{5}-\dfrac{1}{6}+\dfrac{1}{7}-...+\dfrac{1}{49}-\dfrac{1}{50}\)
\(A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{5}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{6}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)-2.\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{6}+..+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)\)
\(A=\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{49}+\dfrac{1}{50}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{25}\right)\)
\(A=\dfrac{1}{26}+\dfrac{1}{27}+\dfrac{1}{28}+...+\dfrac{1}{50}=B\)
\(\Rightarrow A:B=1\)
Từ \(\dfrac{a}{1+a}+\dfrac{2b}{2+b}+\dfrac{3c}{3+c}\le\dfrac{6}{7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\dfrac{a}{1+a}+2-\dfrac{2b}{2+b}+3-\dfrac{3c}{3+c}\ge6-\dfrac{6}{7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a+1}+\dfrac{4}{b+2}+\dfrac{9}{c+3}\ge\dfrac{36}{7}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{1}{a+1}+\dfrac{4}{b+2}+\dfrac{9}{c+3}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{a+b+c+6}=\dfrac{36}{7}=VP\)
Xảy ra khi \(a=\dfrac{1}{6};b=\dfrac{1}{3};c=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
2) \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{25}{y}+\dfrac{64}{z}=\dfrac{4}{4x}+\dfrac{225}{9y}+\dfrac{1024}{16z}\ge\dfrac{\left(2+15+32\right)^2}{4x+9y+6z}=49\)
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}=\dfrac{a^2}{a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cauchy Schwarz có:
\(\dfrac{a^2}{a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\dfrac{b^2}{b\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\dfrac{c^2}{c\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}+b\sqrt{b^2+8bc}+c\sqrt{c^2+8bc}}\)
Lại sử dụng bđt Cauchy schwarz ta có:
\(a\sqrt{a^2+8bc}+b\sqrt{b^2+8ac}+c\sqrt{c^2+8ab}=\sqrt{a}\cdot\sqrt{a^3+8abc}+\sqrt{b}\cdot\sqrt{b^3+8abc}+\sqrt{c}\cdot\sqrt{c^3+8abc}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+8bc}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+8ac}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+8ab}}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc\right)}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc}}\)
=> Ta cần chứng minh: \(\left(a+b+c\right)^3\ge a^3+b^3+c^3+24abc\)
hay \(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge8abc\)
Áp dụng bđt Cosi ta có:
\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab};b+c\ge2\sqrt{bc};c+a\ge2\sqrt{ca}\)
Nhân các vế của 3 bđt trên ta đc:
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge2\sqrt{ab}\cdot2\sqrt{bc}\cdot2\sqrt{ca}=8\sqrt{a^2b^2c^2}=8abc\)
=> Đpcm
3/ Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM, ta có :
\(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ab\right)^2}{\left(bc\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2a}{c}\)
\(\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(bc\right)^2}{\left(ac\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2b}{a}\)
\(\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}+\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(ac\right)^2}{\left(ab\right)^2}}=\dfrac{2c}{b}\)
Cộng 3 vế của BĐT trên ta có :
\(2\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\right)\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)
Bài 1:
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{1}{2\sqrt{a^2.bc}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{b^2.ac}}+\frac{1}{2\sqrt{c^2.ab}}=\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}}{2abc}\)
Tiếp tục áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{ab}\leq \frac{b+c}{2}+\frac{c+a}{2}+\frac{a+b}{2}=a+b+c\)
Do đó:
\(\frac{1}{a^2+bc}+\frac{1}{b^2+ac}+\frac{1}{c^2+ab}\leq \frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2abc}\leq \frac{a+b+c}{2abc}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c$
a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{a}{3}=\dfrac{b}{2}\\\dfrac{b}{7}=\dfrac{c}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a}{21}=\dfrac{b}{14}=\dfrac{c}{10}\)
Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau, ta được:
\(\dfrac{a}{21}=\dfrac{b}{14}=\dfrac{c}{10}=\dfrac{a-b-c}{21-14-10}=\dfrac{-9}{-3}=3\)
Do đó: a=63; b=42; c=30
b: Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau,ta được:
\(\dfrac{a}{2}=\dfrac{b}{3}=\dfrac{c}{4}=\dfrac{a+2b-3c}{2+2\cdot3-3\cdot4}=\dfrac{-20}{-4}=5\)
Do đó: a=10; b=15; c=20
d: Đặt a/1=b/3=c/5=k
=>a=k; b=3k; c=5k
Ta có: abc=120
\(\Leftrightarrow15k^3=120\)
=>k=2
=>a=2; b=6; c=10
Câu 1:
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(1+x^3+y^3\geq 3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3}=3xy\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{\sqrt{1+x^3+y^3}}{xy}\geq \frac{\sqrt{3xy}}{xy}=\sqrt{\frac{3}{xy}}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự:
\(\frac{\sqrt{1+y^3+z^3}}{yz}\geq \sqrt{\frac{3}{yz}}; \frac{\sqrt{1+z^3+x^3}}{xz}\geq \sqrt{\frac{3}{xz}}\)
Cộng theo vế các BĐT thu được:
\(\text{VT}\geq \sqrt{\frac{3}{xy}}+\sqrt{\frac{3}{yz}}+\sqrt{\frac{3}{xz}}\geq 3\sqrt[6]{\frac{27}{x^2y^2z^2}}=3\sqrt[6]{27}=3\sqrt{3}\) (Cauchy)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $x=y=z=1$
Câu 4:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\(\left(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{3}{y}\right)(x+y)\geq (\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 1.(x+y)\geq (\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{3})^2\Rightarrow x+y\geq 5+2\sqrt{6}\)
Vậy \(A_{\min}=5+2\sqrt{6}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=2+\sqrt{6}; y=3+\sqrt{6}\)
------------------------------
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy:
\(\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}\geq 2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{a^2+b^2}.\frac{a^2+b^2}{4ab}}=1\)
\(a^2+b^2\geq 2ab\Rightarrow \frac{3(a^2+b^2)}{4ab}\geq \frac{6ab}{4ab}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế hai BĐT trên:
\(\Rightarrow B\geq 1+\frac{3}{2}=\frac{5}{2}\) hay \(B_{\min}=\frac{5}{2}\). Dấu bằng xảy ra khi $a=b$
3.
\(\dfrac{2a^2}{b^2}+2\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}+2\dfrac{c^2}{a^2}\ge2\left(\dfrac{a}{b}+\dfrac{b}{c}+\dfrac{c}{a}\right)\)
áp dụng bất đẳng thức cosi
+ \(\dfrac{a^2}{b^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{c^2}\ge2\dfrac{a}{c}\)
......
tương tự với 2 cái sau
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(\text{VT}=\frac{a}{b^2+1}+\frac{b}{c^2+1}+\frac{c}{a^2+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}=a-\frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}+b-\frac{bc^2}{c^2+1}+c-\frac{ca^2}{a^2+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}=3-\left(\frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{bc^2}{c^2+1}+\frac{ca^2}{a^2+1}\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM: \(b^2+1\geq 2b,c^2+1\geq 2c, a^2+1\geq 2a\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{bc^2}{c^2+1}+\frac{ca^2}{a^2+1}\leq \frac{ab+bc+ac}{2}\)
Mà \(ab+bc+ac\leq \frac{1}{3}(a+b+c)^2=3\Rightarrow \frac{ab^2}{b^2+1}+\frac{bc^2}{c^2+1}+\frac{ca^2}{a^2+1}\leq \frac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow \text{VT}\geq 3-\frac{3}{2}\Leftrightarrow \text{VT}\geq \frac{3}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)