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\( S =1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2017}+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1} {2019}-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right) \)
\(\Rightarrow S=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{1009}\right)\)
\(\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1}{1010}+\frac{1}{1011}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\) \(\Rightarrow S=P\)\)
\(B=\frac{2018}{1}+\frac{2017}{2}+\frac{2016}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\)
\(B=1+\left(\frac{2017}{2}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2016}{3}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2018}+1\right)\)
\(B=\frac{2019}{2019}+\frac{2019}{2}+\frac{2019}{3}+...+\frac{2019}{2018}\)
\(B=2019\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2019}\right)\)
ta có \(\frac{A}{B}=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}}{2019\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)}=\frac{1}{2019}\)
A = 1 + 24 + 28 + ...... + 22012 + 22016
24A = 24 + 28 + 212 + ..... + 22016 + 22020
24A - A = (24 + 28 + 212 + ..... + 22016 + 22020) - (1 + 24 + 28 + ...... + 22012 + 22016)
15A = 22010 - 1
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{2^{2010}-1}{15}\)
B = 1 + 22 + 24 + ....... + 22016 + 22018
22B = 22 + 24 + 26 + ........ + 22018 + 22020
22B - B = (22 + 24 + 26 + ........ + 22018 + 22020) - (1 + 22 + 24 + ....... + 22016 + 22018)
3B = 22010 - 1
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{2^{2010}-1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{A}{B}=\frac{\frac{2^{2010}-1}{15}}{\frac{2^{2010}-1}{3}}=\frac{\left(2^{2010}-1\right).\frac{1}{15}}{\left(2^{2010}-1\right).\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{\frac{1}{15}}{\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{\frac{1}{3}.\frac{1}{5}}{\frac{1}{3}}=\frac{1}{5}\)
Bài 5: GTNN chứ nhỉ?
Với mọi gt của \(x;y\in R\) ta có:
\(x^2+3\left|y-2\right|+1\ge1\)
Hay \(A\ge1\) với mọi gt của \(x;y\in R\)
Dấu "=" sảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy..................
Bài 6: GTLN chứ?
Với mọi giá trị của \(x\in R\) ta có:
\(-\left(2x-1\right)^2\le0\Rightarrow-5-\left(2x-1\right)^2\le-5\)
Hay \(B\le5\) với mọi giá trị của \(x\in R\)
Dấu "=" sảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy...................
Bài 4 :
\(a,3^{15}-9^6=3^{15}-\left(3^2\right)^6=3^{15}-3^{12}=3^{12}\left(3^3-1\right)=3^{12}.26=3^{12}.2.13⋮\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(b,8^7-2^{18}=\left(2^3\right)^7-2^{18}=2^{21}-2^{18}=2^{18}\left(2^3-1\right)=2^{18}.7=2^{17}.2.7=2^{17}.14⋮14\left(đpcm\right)\)
Bài 5 :
\(A=1^2+3^2+6^2+9^2+.............+39^2\)
\(=1+3^2+\left(6^2+9^2+.........+39^2\right)\)
\(=10+3^2\left(2^2+3^2+.........+13^2\right)\)
\(=10+3^2.818\)
\(=10+9.818\)
\(=7372\)
a) \(\dfrac{7}{4}< \dfrac{a}{8}< 3\\ =>\dfrac{7}{4}.8< a< 3.8\\ =>14< a< 24\\ =>a\in\left\{15;16;17;...;23\right\}\)
b) \(\dfrac{2}{3}< \dfrac{a-1}{6}< \dfrac{8}{9}\\ =>\dfrac{2}{3}.6< a-1< \dfrac{8}{9}.6\\ =>4< a-1< \dfrac{16}{3}\\ =>4+1< a< \dfrac{16}{3}+1\\ =>5< a< \dfrac{19}{3}\\ =>a=6\)
b) \(\dfrac{2}{3}< a-\dfrac{1}{6}< \dfrac{8}{9}\\ =>\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{1}{6}< a< \dfrac{8}{9}+\dfrac{1}{6}\\ =>\dfrac{5}{6}< a< \dfrac{19}{18}\\ =>a=1\)
c) \(\dfrac{12}{9}< \dfrac{4}{a}< \dfrac{8}{3}\\ =>\dfrac{24}{18}< \dfrac{24}{6a}< \dfrac{24}{9}\\ =>9< 6a< 18\\ =>\dfrac{9}{6}< a< \dfrac{18}{6}\\ =>1,5< a< 3\\ =>a=2\)