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\(P=\frac{\frac{a^2+b^2+ab}{ab}.\frac{a^2-2ab+b^2}{a^2b^2}}{\frac{a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3}{a^2b^2}}\)
\(=\frac{\frac{a^4-2a^3b+a^2b^2+a^2b^2-2ab^3+b^4+a^3b-2a^2b^2+ab^3}{a^3b^3}}{\frac{a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3}{a^2b^2}}\)
\(=\frac{a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3}{a^3b^3}:\frac{a^4+b^4-a^3b-ab^3}{a^2b^2}=\frac{1}{ab}\)
18. Ta có : \(\frac{a}{x}+\frac{b}{y}+\frac{c}{z}=0\Rightarrow\frac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{xyz}=0\Rightarrow ayz+bxz+cxy=0\)
\(\left(\frac{x}{a}+\frac{y}{b}+\frac{z}{c}\right)^2=1\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+2\left(\frac{xy}{ab}+\frac{yz}{bc}+\frac{xz}{ac}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+2xyz\left(\frac{1}{abz}+\frac{1}{xbc}+\frac{1}{acy}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}+2xyz\left(\frac{ayz+bxz+cxy}{abcxyz}\right)=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}+\frac{z^2}{c^2}=1\)
19. Nhân cả hai vế của đẳng thức giả thiết với \(\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{a-b}\)được
\(\left(\frac{a}{b-c}+\frac{b}{c-a}+\frac{c}{a-b}\right)\left(\frac{1}{b-c}+\frac{1}{c-a}+\frac{1}{a-b}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{a+b}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{b+c}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{c+a}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}=0\)
Ta có ;
\(\frac{a+b}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\frac{b+c}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\frac{c+a}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(b-c\right)+\left(c+a\right)\left(c-a\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}\)\(=\frac{a^2-b^2+b^2-c^2+c^2-a^2}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\left(b-c\right)^2}+\frac{b}{\left(c-a\right)^2}+\frac{c}{\left(a-b\right)^2}=0\)
gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
By Cauchy-Schwarz, we have:
\(VT\ge\frac{\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2}{2\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)+a^2b+b^2c+c^2a}\)
We will prove: \(a^2b+b^2c+c^2a\le a^3+b^3+c^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2b+b^2c+c^2a+3abc\le a^3+b^3+c^3+3abc\)
By Schur, we have: \(RHS\ge ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(a\right)\)
So we're only need to prove: \(ab\left(a+b\right)+bc\left(b+c\right)+ca\left(c+a\right)\ge a^2b+b^2c+c^2a+3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab^2+bc^2+ca^2\ge3abc\)
It is true by AM-GM ineq', so we have Q.E.D.
P/s: Em thử giải bài này bằng tiếng Anh (để tự luyện kĩ năng tiếng anh, tí em giải lại theo tiếng việt)
\(\frac{a^2}{a+bc}=\frac{a^3}{a^2+abc}=\frac{a^3}{a^2+ab+bc+ac}=\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{a+b}{8}+\frac{a+c}{8}\ge\frac{3}{4}a\)
Tương tự
=> \(A\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Lại có \(\left(a+b+c\right)\ge\frac{9}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}}=\frac{9}{1}=9\)
=> \(A\ge\frac{9}{4}\)
MinA=9/4 khi a=b=c=3
Chứng minh bđt phụ: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\) (1)
Ta có:\(\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)( luôn đúng với mọi \(a,b>0\))
Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{5}{ab}+ab\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}+\frac{9}{2ab}+ab\)
Áp dụng bđt (1) ta được: \(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\ge\frac{4}{a^2+b^2+2ab}=\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}=\frac{4}{4^2}=\frac{1}{4}\)
Áp dụng bđt Cô-si với \(\frac{9}{2ab}+ab\)ta được: \(\frac{9}{2ab}+ab\ge2\sqrt{\frac{9}{2ab}.ab}=2.\sqrt{\frac{9}{2}}=\sqrt{4.\frac{9}{2}}=\sqrt{18}=3\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{1}{4}+3\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy \(minA=3\sqrt{2}+\frac{1}{4}\)
a>b nx nha
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